Texas air quality study

NO the critical precursor for ozone formation, typically has daytime concentrations of 5-20 ppb in urban areas, 0.5-1 ppb in polluted rural areas during region-wide events, and lO-lOOppt in the remote troposphere. An NO t concentration of 1 ppb is associated with ozone formation at rates of 2-5 ppb h which is fast enough to allow ozone concentrations to increase to 90 ppb when air stagnates in a polluted region for two days or more. Ozone production rates as high as 100 ppb h have been observed in urban locations (e.g., in the recently completed Texas Air Quality Study in Houston (Kleinman et al, 2002)). 

USA had been underestimated by a factor of 4 (Geron et al., 1994). This discovery led to a major change in model predictions for the impact of NOjc and VOCs on ozone formation in the eastern USA (Pierce et al., 1998 see also Chameides et al., 1988) and led to greater emphasis on the control of NO c emission sources. Recent results from the Texas Air Quality study also suggest that emissions of anthropogenic VOC from industrial sources are much larger than represented in emission inventories. The accuracy of emission inventories effectively limits our ability to understand the process of smog formation. 

Karl, T., Jobson, T., Kuster, W.C., Williams, E., Stutz, I, Shelter, R., Hall, S.R., Goldan, R, Fehsenfeld, E, Lindinger, W. (2003) Use of proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry to characterize volatile organic compound sources at the La Porte super site during the Texas Air Quality Study 2000. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 108,4508. 

Real-time continuous monitoring of VOCs at a site near the Houston Ship Channel during the Texas Air Quality Study 2(X)0 was reported by Karl et al. [118]. The anthropogenic VOCs that were observed included aromatic compounds (e.g. benzene, toluene and xylenes), aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g. propene and isoprene), oxygenated VOCs... 

Roberts, J.M., B.T. Jobson, W. Kuser, P. Goldan, P. Murphy, E. Williams, G Frost, D. Riemer, E. Apel, C. Stroud, C. Wiedinmyer, and F. Fehsenfeld (2003), An examination of the chemistry of peroxycarboxylic nitric anhydrides and related volatile organic compounds during Texas Air Quality Study 2000 using ground-based measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 108, D16, 4495, doi 10.1029/s003JD003383. 

Gilboa, S.M., Mendola, P., Olshan, A.F., Langlois, P.H., Savitz, D.A., Loomis, D., Herring, A.H., Fixler, D.E. (2005). Relation between ambient air quality and selected birth defects, seven county study, Texas, 1997-2000. dm. J. Epidemiol. 162 238-52. 

Zweidinger et al. (1982) and Wallace et al. (1982) conducted a study of the levels of 1,1 -dichloroethane in the inhaled and exhaled air and drinking water of college students in Texas and North Carolina. Low levels (<0.49 ppb) of 1,1-dichloroethane were found in the personal air quality monitors of the Texas students, whose campus bounded a petrochemical manufacturing area, but none was detected in the exhaled breath samples. 1,1-Dichloroethane was not detected in the breathing zone air of the North Carolina students. 

Muzio, L. J., J. K. Arand, and N. D. Shah, "Bench Scale Study of Dry SO2 Removal with Nahcolite and Trona", Second Conference on Air Quality Management in the Electric Power Industry, Austin, Texas, January 1980. 

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