Tetramethylene glycol 14-butanediol

This is an example of the reduction of an ester of a dibasic acid to the corresponding glycol (Bouveault-Blanc reduction)  

Hexamethylene glycol, HO(CH2)6OH. Use 60 g. of sodium, 81 g. of diethyl adipate (Sections 111,99 and III.100) and 600 ml. of super-dry ethyl alcohol. All other experimental details, including amounts of water, hydrochloric acid and potassium carbonate, are identical with those for Tetramethylene Glycol. The yield of hexamethylene glycol, b.p. 146-149°/17 mm., is 30 g. The glycol may also be isolated by continuous extraction with ether or benzene. 

Both tetramethylene glycol (1 4-butanediol) and hexamethylene glycol (1 6-hexanediol) may be prepared more conveniently by copper-chromium oxide reduction (Section VI,6) or, for small quantities, by reduction with lithium aluminium hydride (see Section VI, 10). 

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In general, nonabsorbable sutures can retain their tensile strength longer than 2 months [113]. The synthetic polymers used to make nondegradable sutures include polypropylene (PP), polyamides, polyesters such PET and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and polyether-ester based on poly(tetramethylene glycol), 1,4-butanediol, and dimethyl terephthalic acid [114]. The base polymer and filament configuration for common nonabsorbable sutures are summarized in Table 8.2. 

Butanediol. 1,4-Butanediol [110-63-4] tetramethylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, was first prepared in 1890 by acid hydrolysis of N,]S3-dinitro-l,4-butanediamine (117). Other early preparations were by reduction of succinaldehyde (118) or succinic esters (119) and by saponification of the diacetate prepared from 1,4-dihalobutanes (120). Catalytic hydrogenation of butynediol, now the principal commercial route, was first described in 1910 (121). Other processes used for commercial manufacture are described in the section on Manufacture. Physical properties of butanediol are Hsted in Table 2. 

Butanediol (tetramethylene glycol) [110-63-4] M 90.1, f 20.4 , b 107-108 /4mm, 127 /20mm, d 1.02, n 1.4467. Distd and stored over Linde type 4A molecular sieves, or crystd twice from anhydrous diethyl ether/acetone, and redistd. Also purified by recrystn from the melt and doubly distd in vacuo in the presence of Na2S04. 

Tetramethylene glycol. See Butanediol Tetramethylene sulfoxide (TMSO) as PVDC solvent, 25 705 Tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), 25 163... 

Butanediol, also known as tetramethylene glycol, is produced by the hydrogenation of butynediol (made from acetylene and formaldehyde). 

OFFICIAL NAMES Gamma butyrolactone (GBL), dihydro-2(3H)-furanone, 4-butanolide, 2(3H)-furanone dihydro, tetrahy-dro-2-furanone, butyrolactone gamma, gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), 1,4 butanediol (BD tetramethylene glycol Sucol B), sodium oxybate (Xyrem)... 

Thermoplastic polyurethane containing 4,4 -diphenylmethane diisocyanate, poly(tetramethylene glycol) and 1,4-butanediol has good mechanical strength, wear resistance and tear resistance and low-temperature elasticity. Aiming to improve the performance of sPS by exploiting these properties, Xu et al. [43]... 

Materials. The polyurethane precursor materials were Adiprene L-lOO (Uniroyal, Inc.), a poly(oxytetramethylene glycol) capped with toluene diisocyanate, eq. mol. wt. 1030 1,4-butanediol (BD) and 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane (TMP) and, as catalyst, dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL). Acrylic precursors included n-butyl methacrylate (BMA), washed with 10% aq. NaOH to remove inhibitor tetramethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TMGDM) crosslinker and benzoin sec-butyl ether (BBE) as a photosensitizer. These materials were dried appropriately but not otherwise purified. 

Butylene glycol (1,4-butanediol) 1,4-BG 110-63-4 tetramethylene glycol g-butylene glycol... 

H-o -CH2CH2CH2CH2-0 H + HO-CHjCHjCHjCHj-OH DIcyclohexylmetlianedllsocyanate Poly(tetramethylene glycol) l -Butanediol... 

CAS 1070-70-8 EINECS/ELINCS 213-979-6 Synonyms Acrylic acid 4-acryloyloxy-butyl ester Acrylic acid, tetramethylene ester 1,4-Butanediol diacrylate Butylene diacrylate 1,4-Butylene diacrylate 2-Propenoic acid, 1,4-butanediyl ester Tetramethylene acrylate Tetramethylene diacrylate Tetramethylene glycol diacrylate Classification Nonaromatic esters and lactones Empirical C10H 14O4... 

Rg.19 Chemical structures of thermoplastic SMPs. (a) Aliphatic polyetherurethane TFX, which is prepared from methylene bis(p-cyclohexyl isocyanate) (H12 MDI), 1,4-butanediol (BD), and poly(tetramethylene glycol) (PTMG). (b) Multiblock copolymer PDC prepared from PPDO-diol, poly(p-dioxanone-diol) TMDl, 2,2(4),4-trimethylhexanediisocyanate PCL-diol, poly(f-caprolactone-diol). Reprinted by permission from ref. [85]. Copyright 2006, Nationtil Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 

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