Tetracyclines liquid chromatographic methods

Fletouris et al. (297) described a liquid chromatographic method for the determination of oxytetracycline and tetracycline residues in milk. According to... 

In a different approach, Cooper et al. (305) developed an online metal chelate affinity chromatography-liquid chromatographic method for the determination of oxytetracycline, tetracycline, demeclocycline, and chlortetracycline residues in animal tissues and egg. According to this method, a 2 g blended egg or thinly sliced tissue is homogenized with citrate buffer pH 5 (pH 4, for chicken... 

JD MacNeil, VK Martz, GO Korsrud, CDC Salisbury, H Oka, RL Epstein, CJ Barnes. Chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, and tetracycline in edible animal tissues, liquid chromatographic method—collaborative study. J AOAC Int 79 405 -417, 1996. 

W. N. Barnes, A. Ray, and L. J. Bates, Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the assay of oxy-tetracycline, J. Chromatogr., 347 173 (1985). 

White, C.R. Moats, W.A. Kotula, K.L. Optimization of a liquid chromatographic method for determination of oxytetracycline, tetracycline, and chlortetracycline in milk. J.AOAC Int., 1993, 76, 549-... 

Spisso B, de Oliveira e Jesus A, et ah, Validation of a high performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection for the simultaneous determination of tetracycline residues in bovine milk, Anal. Chim. Acta 2007 581 108-117. 

Following sample extraction and cleanup, tetracycline antibiotics may be separated by thin-layer or liquid chromatographic procedures, and quantified by spectrophotometric, fluorometric, or mass spectrometric detection systems. Direct spectrophotometric and capillary electrophoretic methods have also been described (Table 29.8). 

AD Cooper, GWF Stubbings, M Kelly, JA Tarbin, WHH Farrington, G Shearer. Improved method for the online metal chelate affinity chromatography high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of tetracycline antibiotics in animal products. J Chromatogr A 812 321-326, 1998. 

An on-line concentration, isolation, and liquid chromatographic separation method for the analysis of trace oiganics in natural waters has been described (63). Concentration and isolation are accomplished with two precolumns connected in series the first acts as a filter for removal of interferences the second actually concentrates target solutes. The technique is applicable even if no selective sorbent is available for the specific analyte of interest. Detection limits of less than 0.1 ppb were achieved for polar herbicides (qv) in the chlorotriazine and phenylurea classes. A novel method for determination of tetracyclines in animal tissues and fluids was developed with sample extraction and cleanup based on tendency of tetracyclines to chelate with divalent metal ions (64). The metal chelate affinity precolumn was connected on-line to reversed-phase hplc column, and detection limits for several different tetracyclines in a variety of matrices were in the 10—50 ppb range. 

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