Terrestrial system results

None of the dissolution fractions has normal isotopic compositions. This implies that the solar system results from mixing of major Cr-bearing components, none having the solar (terrestrial) isotopic compositions. Data obtained from higher metamorphic grade... 

As a result of their geographical circumstances and these various historical developments, many estuaries appear to be among the most heavily loaded ecosystems in the world in terms of the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus received per unit area (Fig. 5). Even the farm fields of the American corn belt do not receive the fertilization common to many estuaries, and the nutrient inputs to natural terrestrial systems and fresh waters appear to be orders of magnitude lower. There are fewer data available on the inputs of metals and other pollutants to estuaries, but the evidence at hand suggests that the delivery of heavy metals to estuaries may equal or exceed that deposited from the atmosphere on heavily industrialized urban areas and exceed that deposited on rural terrestrial ecosystems by orders of magnitude (Fig. 6). 

Prior to determining the carbon in phytomass it is necessary to determine the total biomass. Forest biomass is a basic factor in studies related to nutrient cycling and carbon release from terrestrial systems following deforestation. This is now one of the more important global research themes due to concerns about possible human-driven climatic changes. Biomass estimates have an enormous influence in modeling based on emissions of carbon from deforestation. The use of inaccurate values for this parameter will drastically affect the reliability of the results of the models. 

The results of these experiments in both aquatic systems and terrestrial systems may profitably be viewed against the extensive evidence for the persistence of agrochemicals in the terrestrial environment. Considerable effort has been directed to the issue of bound residues of agrochemicals (Calderbank 1989) and to its significance in determining both their biological effects and their persistence this is now fully accepted in contemporary thinking. At the... 

One problem of GPS is the relative character of the resulting information. Normally it is necessary to transform the GPS-coordinate-differences into a terrestrially based coordinate system. This transformation is simple if at least 3 stations are known in the terrestrial system. The fact that these common stations have to be stable over a period of time is a prerequisite, which has to be checked by adequate statistical tests (e.g. Niemeier 1985c, 1988). 

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