Terbium nitrate

An examination of the temperature dependence of the fluorescent lifetime of both terbium nitrate and europium nitrate in methanol and deuterated methanol was made. There was little change with temperature for either. 

Itoh K, Kamata N, Shimazu T, et al. An improved emission characteristics of Tb3+-doped sol-gel glasses by utilizing high solubility of terbium nitrate. J Lumin 2000 87-89 676-8. 

Dimethylformamide. According to conductimetric measurements, europium or terbium nitrates are 2 1 (<0.02 M), or 1 1 (>0.02 M) electrolytes in DMF solutions (Biinzli and Yersin 1982, Biinzli and Vuckovic 1983). Krishnamurthy and Soundararajan (1966) also determined that the first solvation sphere contains one or two nitrato groups. Abrahamer and Marcus (1968) later deduced from the study of the absorption spectra that the R(Ill)/nitrate interaction in DMF was outer-sphere. Finally, using IR, Raman, and electronic absorption spectroscopic data Biinzli and Vuckovic (1984) concluded to inner-sphere R(IIl)/nitrate interaction in DMF solutions. Upon addition of nitrate, equilibria take place which involve mono-, di-, and possibly trinitrato complexes. For [Nd(N03) ] " + and n = 1, the apparent equilibrium ratio is estimated as K 110 30M . A more complicated situation occurs for Eu(lII) (Biinzli and Yersin 1982). Diluted solutions (0.05 M) contain at least three different solvates the predominant... 

The leach liquor is first treated with a DEHPA solution to extract the heavy lanthanides, leaving the light elements in the raffinate. The loaded reagent is then stripped first with l.Smoldm nitric acid to remove the elements from neodymium to terbium, followed by 6moldm acid to separate yttrium and remaining heavy elements. Ytterbium and lutetium are only partially removed hence, a final strip with stronger acid, as mentioned earlier, or with 10% alkali is required before organic phase recycle. The main product from this flow sheet was yttrium, and the yttrium nitrate product was further extracted with a quaternary amine to produce a 99.999% product. 

The unsymmetrical derivative, L2, in which one benzimidazole group is replaced by a 2-pyridyl moiety, and its complexes with europium and terbium have been further studied for their photophysical properties (37). The coordinated nitrate anions in the [ ( 2)( ) ]... 

An attempt to synthesize binuclear complexes led to the development of the back-to-back ligand [L7]2-. The lanthanide coordination environment of the resultant [ ( )2 2( 7)] complexes is the same as that in the parent mononuclear [L4]- complexes, as shown in Pig. 7. Despite the possibility of displacement of the nitrate anions by solvent molecules, a reasonable lifetime (0.9 ms) and quantum yield (0.13) is recorded for aqueous solutions of the terbium complex (49). 

The values for the redox potential for the couple M3 + /M2+ have been estimated57 using a simple ionic model and available thermodynamic data. The results (Table 2) correlate closely with the ionization potentials for the M2+ ions, and are in good agreement with both chemical observations and other estimates obtained by spectroscopic correlations. Irreversible oxidation of terbium(m) to terbium(iv) in aqueous K2C03-K0H solutions has been observed electrochemically 58 the discovery of an intermediate of mixed oxidation state explains partly the reduction behaviour of terbium(iv) deposits. Praseodymium(iv) and terbium(iv) have also been detected in nitrate solutions. 

The lutetium hahdes (except the fluoride), together with the nitrates, perchlorates, and acetates, are soluble in water. The hydroxide oxide, carbonate, oxalate, and phosphate compotmds are insoluble. Lutetium compounds are all colorless in the solid state and in solution. Due to its closed electronic configuration (4f " ), lutetium has no absorption bands and does not emit radiation. For these reasons it does not have any magnetic or optical importance, see also Cerium Dysprosium Erbium Europium Gadolinium Holmium Lanthanum Neodymium Praseodymium Promethium Samarium Terbium Ytterbium. 

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