Tendons relaxation

To obtain avg. final prestress critical section, subtract the losses due to creep shrinkage and tendon relaxation from avg. initial prestress. 

To obtain initial stress for design add the losses due to Creep, shrinkage, and 1 /2 tendon relaxation loss due to the Avg Final Prestress... 

Physical signs include coarse skin and hair, cold or dry skin, periorbital puffiness, bradycardia, and slowed or hoarse speech. Objective weakness (with proximal muscles being affected more than distal muscles) and slow relaxation of deep tendon reflexes are common. Reversible neurologic syndromes such as carpal tunnel syndrome, polyneuropathy, and cerebellar dysfunction may also occur. 

Stiffness of the neck add Ge Gen [Puerariae radix) to ascend the fluid and relax the tendons. 

Ling Yang Jiao is salty and cold, and enters the Liver, Heart and Lung meridians. It can effectively reduce the lire from the Heart and Liver, calm the mind and relax the tendons. It is often used as the chief substance in formulas that reduce the heat from the Heart and Liver when the heat disturbs the mind. 

Gou Teng is sweet and slightly cold, and enters the Liver and Pericardium meridians. It can cool the liver, reduce the fire and relax the tendons. It is used in the condition where the Liver-heat stirs the wind so that patients suffer from dizziness, headache and irritability, and even have convulsions. As its function is not very strong, it is often used in combination with other herbs. 

This formula can cool the Liver and calm the wind, nourish the Yin and relax the tendons. It is used when heat affects the Liver and generates wind. The manifestations are high fever, restlessness and irritability, convulsions, impairment of consciousness, a deep red tongue with a dry brown coating, and a wiry and rapid pulse. 

The remaining herbs serve as assistants. The combination of Bai Shao Yao, Gan Cao and Sheng Di Huang can nourish the Yin, clear heat, and ease and relax the tendons. Chuan Bei Mu and Zhu Ru eliminate the phlegm-heat that is produced by the disturbed Qi and water movement, and they may block the meridians. 

These two herbs are able to eliminate damp-heat, increase urination and relax the tendons and muscles. They can be used to treat Bi syndrome due to damp-heat in the Middle-Jiao when burning, heavy and painful sensations of muscles are present. 

Third, sour and astringent herbs which can soften the Liver, relax the tendons and moisten the dryness are selected. 

Ji Xue Teng is bitter, slightly sweet and warm, and enters the Kidney and Liver meridians. It is a special herb for tonifying the blood as it is also able to promote the blood circulation and relax the tendons. It is therefore selected in formulas to relieve stiffness, tingling, numbness, pain and an uneasy feeling in the body, such as in Bi syndrome and in restless leg disorder due to blood deficiency with Qi and blood stagnation. 

Sour herbs such as Mu Gua and Suan Zao Ren are considered as assistants. They can enhance the ability of Bai Shao Yao to nourish and stabilize the Yin, soften the Liver and relax the tendons. At the same time, they enhance the ability of Mai Men Dong to nourish the Yin. 

As soon as the blood is sufficient and the blood circulation is improved, cramp of the tendons and muscles eases and they become more relaxed. 

Second, herbs that enter the Liver and Kidney meridians, and are able to relax the tendons are selected, along with herbs that reduce the Liver heat and descend the Liver-Yang. 

Assistant Open the meridians and collaterals, relax the tendons, reduce the Liver-heat, descend the Liver-Yang and spread the Liver-Qi... 

Suan Zao Ren is able to nourish the blood, calm the mind and thus improve sleep. Mai Men Dong can nourish the liquid-Yin. Mu Gua can stabilize the Yin and relax the tendons, and is... 

Qin Jiao is pungent, bitter and neutral, and primarily enters the Stomach and Large Intestine meridians. Pungent can disperse the dampness, and bitterness can drain and dry the dampness. In particular, this herb expels the dampness from the subcutaneous region and the muscles and can therefore relax the tendons and muscles. It can be used as chief in a formula to expel dampness in the Upper-Jiao. Since it is a neutral herb, it can be used in either damp-cold or damp-heat syndrome. 

These herbs are selected to relax tendons. Gan Cao is sweet in nature and enters all meridians. It is often used together with sour herbs such as Bai Shao Yao (Paeoniae radix lactiflora) and Mu Gua to generate Yin to soften the Liver, ease the muscles and tendons, relieve cramp and reduce high tension in the body. 

Gou Teng is sweet and cold, and enters the Liver and Pericardium meridians. It has a strong function of clearing and reducing the Liver-heat, whether or not it is excess heat or empty-heat, and thus can calm the wind. It is particularly used to treat dizziness, headache, tinnitus, irritability, and red and irritated eyes. Because it enters the Pericardium meridian, it is also very effective for cooling the Heart, relaxing the tendons and calming the mind. 

Ye Jiao Teng and Fu Shen are used as assistants too. They calm the mind and improve sleep. Moreover, Sang Ji Sheng and Ye Jiao Teng relax the tendons and nourish blood, and are particularly suitable for treating insomnia with a sensation of discomfort in the body that is caused by high tension of the muscles. 

Along with these, herbs that calm the mind, relax the tendons and regulate the Qi and blood are also prescribed. 

Ye Jiao Teng and Fu Shen have functions that are similar to those of Zhen Zhu Mu and Long Chi, but are gentler. They are often used in a less severe condition of internal wind to calm the mind and improve sleep. In addition, they can open the meridians and relax the tendons, and are particularly useful in treating spasms and twitching of extremities. 

Bai Shao Yao and Sheng Di Huang are used as assistants to nourish the Yin, clear heat and ease and relax the tendons. 

Fu Shen, as another assistant, calms the mind and relaxes the tendons. 

Along with these, it is equally important to select cold and salty substances that enter the Liver meridian, can cool and soften the Liver, descend the Liver-Yang and relax the tendons, thereby extinguishing the wind. 

These three herbs have the function of nourishing the Yin. Shan Zhu Yu particularly tonifies the Liver-Yin, Mai Men Dong nourishes the Heart-Yin and Sheng Di Huang supplements the Heart-Yin and Kidney-Yin. They are used as deputies in the formula to enhance the ability of the chief to nourish the Liver-Yin and Heart-Yin, moisten dryness, relax tendons and therefore extinguish wind. 

Assistant Calm the mind, relax tendons, open meridians and collaterals... 

Fu Shen is sweet, bland and neutral, and primarily enters the Heart meridian. In the formula for extinguishing wind, it can be used as assistant to calm the mind, thus smoothing the movement of Qi, and assist the function of the other herbs to relax the tendons and muscles. 

These herbs are cold in temperature and enter the Liver meridian. They are vines and are considered to particularly enter the meridians and collaterals. In the formula to extinguish wind, they are selected to relax the tendons and smooth the Qi movement and blood circulation in the collaterals so as to extinguish wind. 

Assistant Expel wind, cold, dampness and relax tendons, tonify the Qi and blood, strengthen tendons and bones... 

These herbs are selected particularly for treating disorders related to tendons, bones and muscles. ShenJin Cao is a pungent, bitter and warm herb, but it is not dry in nature. It enters the Liver meridian and is especially effective in treating disorders of the tendons. It is able to expel wind, open the meridians, promote blood circulation and relax the tendons. It is mostly used for chronic Bi syndrome, which manifests as stiff limbs, difficulty with moving and walking, soreness of the tendons and bones, and numbness of the skin. 

Mu Gua and Bai Shao Yao are sour in nature and enter the Liver meridian. They can regulate the Liver and relax the tendons. They can be used together to relieve cramping pain of the muscles and tendons of the limbs. However, there are some differences in their actions. 

Mu Gua relaxes the muscles by transforming dampness and invigorating the collaterals it treats cramps and stiffness, which are caused by dampness. Bai Shao Yao is able to nourish the Yin and blood and therefore relax the muscles and tendons it treats cramp or spasm. In the condition when cramp is caused by dampness obstruction as well as Yin deficiency, Mu Gua and Bai Shao Yao should be used together. In addition, they can be applied as corrective assistants in the formula to prevent the pungent and hot herbs consuming the Yin. 

Sang Ji Sheng is a gentle herb, neutral and moist it can nourish the blood, relax the tendons and is especially suitable for treating chronic Bi syndrome. 

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