Temporal response long-term

It may be that temporal responses to environmental pressures occur in tandem at both the short and long terms, but further investigations are needed to confirm such... 

Using information obtained from the exposure analysis, the exposure profile quantifies the magnitude and spatial and temporal patterns of exposure for the scenarios developed during problem formulation and serves as input to risk characterization. The exposure profile is only effective when its results are compatible with the stressor-response profile. For example, appraisals of potential acute effects of chemical exposure may be averaged over short time periods to account for short-term pulsed stressor events. It is important that characterizations for chronic stressors account for both long-term low-level exposure and possible shorter term, higher level contact that may elicit similar adverse chronic effects. 

The long-term accuracy of remotely deployed flow systems can be maintained by incorporating automated self-calibration procedures. Frequent recalibration allows the system to adapt to temporal changes in analytical sensitivity, detector response and system wear and tear, e.g., pump tube degradation. If the detector response is demonstrably linear, a single point calibration is adequate for slope adjustment [102] and this is easily achieved via a two-way switching valve connected to the sample and standard flow channels. 

Although Equations (8) and (9) fail to provide timescales for transformation of 5c and require that the oceans are well-mixed, they accurately provide the seme (positive or negative) of long-term temporal trends in 5c due to variation in other factors, and this is often the more interesting result. First-order approximations of the expected isotopic response of marine 5 C values to change in carbon input and output functions can be... 

It is important to nnderstand the variability in indicator measnrements to distinguish extraneous factors from a true environmental effect. Variability is contribnted by natnral variation and by measurement error introdnced by held and laboratory activities. Natnral variability includes temporal (within held season and long-term variation over mnltiple years) and hne, medinm, and coarse spatial variations. The selected indicators mnst be robnst enongh to provide signihcant responses at distinct points along an environmental condition gradient. If an indicator is composed of multiple measurements, variability and accnracy shonld be evalnated for each measnrement as well as for the resulting indicator. 

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