Temperature profiles, reactors reactor with internal heat exchange

Temperature profiles, reactors ammonia synthesis, 582, 584 cement kiln, 590 cracking of petroleum, 595 endo- and exothermic processes, 584 jacketed tubular reactor, 584 methanol synthesis, 580 phosgene synthesis, 594 reactor with internal heat exchange, 584 sulfur dioxide oxidation, 580... 

Figure 17.19. Reactors for the oxidation of sulfur dioxide (a) Feed-product heat exchange, (b) External heat exchanger and internal tube and thimble, (c) Multibed reactor, cooling with charge gas in a spiral jacket, (d) Tube and thimble for feed against product and for heat transfer medium, (e) BASF-Knietsch, with autothermal packed tubes and external exchanger, (f) Sper reactor with internal heat transfer surface, (g) Zieren-Chemiebau reactor assembly and the temperature profile (Winnacker- Weingartner, Chemische Technologie, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich, 1950-1954).

The essential feature of an autothermal reactor system is the feedback of reaction heat to raise the temperature and hence the reaction rate of the incoming reactant stream. Figure 1.6 shows a number of ways in which this can occur. With a tubular reactor the feedback may be achieved by external heat exchange, as in the reactor shown in Fig. 1.6a, or by internal heat exchange as in Fig. 1.6b. Both of these are catalytic reactors their thermal characteristics are discussed in more detail in Chapter 3, Section 3.6.2. Being catalytic the reaction can only take place in that part of the reactor which holds the catalyst, so the temperature profile has the form... 

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