Temperature doping

Spinning speeds for aeetale yam range from 492 to 2297 feel (150 to 7IK) meters) per minule. Since acetone must be lctnurcd from the yam in the spinning lube, the spinning speed depends upon the denier of the yam. air velocity and temperature, dope temperature, and composition and spinning tube length. 

Figure 12 Conductivities of selected oxides as a function of temperature. Doped ceria and zirconia, and lanthanum gallate are oxide ion conductors, while hariiun zirconate is a proton conductor (From S.M. Haile Materials for fuel cells. Materials Today 6 24-29 (March 2003)). (Reprinted from Ref. 148. 2003, with permission from Elsevier)...

A mathematical model of metal-semiconductor contacts has been employed to estimate the quantity of charge transferred through the interface, based on parameter values that pertain to the M/Ti02 system [88]. The direction of electron flux in a metal-semiconductor contact depends on the relative values of the work function of the two materials. The work function of the semiconductor is a function of the kind (valence) and concentration of the dopant and of temperature. Doping of... 

The ionic transport properties of fluorite-type oxide phases (see Chapter 2), another important family of solid electrolytes, are also discussed in subsequent chapters. Briefly, for the well-known zirconia electrolytes, Zr itself is too small to sustain the fluorite structure at moderate temperatures doping with divalent (Ca + ) or trivalent (e.g., Y " ", St " ", Yb " ") cations stabilizes the high-temperature polymorph with the cubic fluorite-type structure. Due to the electroneutrahty condition, anion vacancies are formed ... 

From Eq. (7.42) it follows that an understanding of the factors that affect conductivity boils down to an understanding of how both the mobility and the concentration of mobile carriers, be they ionic or electronic, vary with temperature, doping, surrounding atmosphere, etc. 

Acceptor dopants are introduced in the crucible either in elemental form or in the form of carbides. If a dopant is introduced in elemental form, it is placed in a special internal crucible with carbon or silicon carbide powder. This is required to prevent the dissolution of the crucible, in the case of aluminium doping, and to reduce the boron vapour pressure to the equilibrium value for the SiC-C system, in the case of boron doping. If elemental boron is placed in the vicinity of the substrate, this results in the formation of boron carbide on the crystal faces of SiC [46]. For moderate doping of crystals, grown at high temperatures, doped SiC sources also can be employed. 

Following the lines of Spear and LeComber (1976) we plot in Fig. 10 the room temperature doping effect Ert a function of ffRx for (M f) phosphorus- and Ixtron-doped as well as compensated a-Si H films. The quantity f RT has been obtained as the derivative of the smooth curves in Figs. 6 and 7, assuming p = 1. The room-temperature Fermi-level position is determined by inverting [Pg.285]

The] Magnetometer apparatus Magnetization property and Curie point temperature doped p-SiC samples (2000 A depth) with 5 at.% (12.8 mass%) Fe maintained at 350°C in order to avoid amorphization and annealed at 700°C... 

Single-molecule spectroscopy in low-temperature doped solids is a young and rapidly growing field. The experiments presented in this chapter demonstrate the flexibility of this new spectroscopic method and are the starting point to a myriad of new challenging experiments. In the following we briefly present some ongoing studies. 

The paper [395] analyses the high-frequency oscillations in InSb magnetoconcentration structure. It is mentioned that the oscillations are complex, with a period below 100 nm and a consideration is given regarding the influence of temperature, doping level, applied fields intensity, and the surface recombination rates at the front and the backside. 

When the polymer is allowed to contact a K/Na alloy at room temperature, -doping also occurs. In M-doped polymers, the polymer chain is considered as a polycarbanion associated with the corresponding M metal ion. A few examples are given in Table 2.10. 

Parameters connected to the spinning experiment include temperature, dope extrusion rate, spinneret type (double/triple), geometry and dimensions, air-gap length, and atmosphere (moisture). 

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