Technology nanoscale

Mawatari K, Tsukahara T, Sugii Y, Kitamori T (2010) Extended-nano fluidic systems for analytical and chemical technologies. Nanoscale 2 1588-1595... 

Using rapid solidification technology molten metal is quench cast at a cooling rate up to 10 °C/s as a continuous ribbon. This ribbon is subsequently pulverized to an amorphous powder. RST powders include aluminum alloys, nickel-based superalloys, and nanoscale powders. RST conditions can also exist in powder atomization. 

CNT films are also of interest from morphological aspect because their structure provides nanoscale voids within the networks of CNTs. For example, composites with conducting polymers are very interesting both from scientific and technological interests, since we would expect CNTs to give a well-dispersed film. 

Materials that are comprised of small fragments of (SN) with organic terminal groups, e.g., ArSsNaAr and ArS5N4Ar (Ar = aryl), are of potential interest as molecular wires in the development of nanoscale technology. Consistent with simple band theory, the energy gap... 

Sticky, one of our earliest childhood experiences and probably one of the first words to enter our vocabulary, is familiar to scientists and nonscientists alike. However, does our direct experience of stickiness, or scientifically speaking, adhesion, have any relevance at the nanoscale How can adhesion be measnred, how can it be manipulated, and what role does it play both in technological applications and intrinsically in nature These are the questions that I will try to address in this chapter. 

There are a number of industrial and technological areas in which nanoscale adhesion is important. One of the earliest fields concerned with adhesion on this scale was colloid science. Colloid particles lie in the intermediate region between macro and nano, with dimensions typically of the order of hundreds of nanometers up to a few microns. This means that their true contact areas he well within the nano-domain and are influenced by interactions on this length scale. Adhesion between such particles is important, due to its influence on mineral separation processes and on the aggregation of powders, for example, on the walls of machinery or in the forming of medical tablets. In an extraterrestrial context, such... 

As physical structures used in technological applications have been reduced in size, there has been an increasing need to understand the limiting processes of adhesion and to try to minimize them. For example, adhesion due to humidity is known to have a major effect on the durabihty and friction forces experienced at the recording head/disk interface. Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are also detrimentally affected by nanoscale adhesion, with their motion being perturbed or prevented. 

Edgington, SM, Biotech s New Nanotools, Developing Nanoscale Approaches to Biological Problems Is Now Within the Reach of Every Lab, Bio/Technology 12, 468, 1994. 

Institute for Nanoscale Technology University of Technology Sydney PO Box 123 Broadway NSW 2007 Australia... 

Since nanoscale metal nanoparticles are applicable to a number of areas of technological importance, the nano-structured materials chemistry will occupy much attention of scientists. It is certain that controlling the primary structures of metal nanoparticles, that is, size, shape, crystal structure, composition, and phase-segregation manner is still most important, because these structures dominate the physical and chemical properties of metal nanoparticles. Now the liquid phase synthesis facilitates the precise control of the primary structures. 

Hammouda, B. (2010) Probing Nanoscale Strictures the SANS Toolbox, Technical Report, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Washington, DC. 

Kanel, S., Manning, B., Charlet, L. and Choi, H. (2005) Removal of arsenic(III) from groundwater by nanoscale zero-valent iron. Environmental Science and Technology, 39, 1291-1298. 

Lin, Y., Weng, C. and Chen, F. (2008) Effective removal of AB24 dye by nano/ micro-size zero-valent iron. Separation and Purification Technology, 64, 26-30. Wang, C.B. and Zhang, W.X. (1997) Synthesizing nanoscale iron particles for rapid and complete dechlorination of TCE and PCBs. Environmental Science and Technology, 31, 2154-2156. 

Phenrat, T., Saleh, N., Sirk, K, Tilton,R.D. and Lowry, G.V. (2007) Aggregation and sedimentation of aqueous nanoscale zerovalent iron dispersions. Environmental Science and Technology, 41, 284-290. 

Liu, Y., Majetich, S.A., Tilton, R.D., Sholl, D.S. and Lowry, G.V. (2005) TCE dechlorination rates, pathways, and efficiency of nanoscale iron particles with different properties. Environmental Science and Technology, 39, 1338—1345. 

Products Company and Davison (W.R. Grace) Catalysts) and Hydrocarbon Technologies, Inc. ART provides non-zeolitic catalysts for ebullating residue hydrocracking and fixed bed pretreating HDT [140], A nanoscale iron based, slurry catalyst is recommended for coal liquefaction, while a molecule-sized and chemically in situ generated catalyst is employed for the high conversion of asphaltenic fractions or heavy oils [141],... 

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