Taxonomic

NAPRALERT (Natural Products ALERT) University of Illinois at Chicago STN information on the pharmacology, biological activity, taxonomic distribution, medicine and chemistry of plant, microbial, and animal (including marine) extracts... 

J. Loddet and N. J. W. Kreget-van Rij, The Yeasts—-A Taxonomic Study, North Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam and Interscience PubHshets, Inc., New York, 1952. 

Relationships Between Objects, Processes, and Events. Relationships can be causal, eg, if there is water in the reactor feed, then an explosion can take place. Relationships can also be stmctural, eg, a distiUation tower is a vessel containing trays that have sieves in them or relationships can be taxonomic, eg, a boiler is a type of heat exchanger. Knowledge in the form of relationships connects facts and descriptions that are already represented in some way in a system. Relational knowledge is also subject to uncertainty, especiaUy in the case of causal relationships. The representation scheme has to be able to express this uncertainty in some way. 

CCPS, 1989b, Process Equipment Reliability Data (Table 4.1-1) is a compilation of chemical and nuclear data. It assesses failure rates for 75 types of chemical process equipment. A taxonomic classification is established and data such as the mean, median, upper and lower (95% and 5%) values, source of information, failure by time and failure by demands are presented. 

However, the taxonomic effectiveness of electronic configurations is not a basis for thinking that quantum mechanics can successfully account even for the restricted field of atomic chemistry. Clearly, molecular quantum chemistry is even less secure due to the additional assumptions which must be made apart from the validity of atomic orbitals. 

Taxonomic classification invariantly have been first (and frequently the only until now) constructive influence of quantum theory on a given area in chemistry, and numerical approximations to wavefunctions have been remarkably unproductive compared with the enormous amount of mathematical quantities handled by modern computers (Jorgensen [1986]). 

The chapters in this book are arranged roughly in the chronological order of bioluminescence systems discovered, based on the date of the major breakthrough made in each bioluminescence system, such as the discovery of ATP in the firefly system (McElroy, 1947) and the identification of fatty aldehyde as the luciferin in luminous bacteria (Cormier and Strehler, 1953). This differs from Harvey s 1952 book, which is arranged in the order of taxonomic classification. 

There can be little doubt that certain stresses have characteristic demographic consequences both for populations and for plant parts and it is also evident that, according to taxonomic and evolutionary history, species and genotypes may differ in their responses to the same stress. Thus, demographic study is often a useful preliminary to analysis of the causation and evolutionary origins of particular stress responses. However, some demographers go further and advocate long-term field observation as the only reliable way forward ... 

The ontology that underlies the information extraction and annotation process is solely based on taxonomic relationships. We intend to enrich our ontology with typed relationships. We are currently evaluating how typed relationships can extend the functionality of the UltraLink and how the expressivity for our ontology impacts the computational complexity of formal reasoning [9]. 

Conus Species Feeding lypes, Taxonomic Considerations... 

Included in the table are data for L. scoparium obtained from five sites in Australia. The Australian material exhibited a level of a-pinene approaching that of the northern race from New Zealand, but was clearly characterized by the highest level of 1,8-cineole observed in the study, along with the highest value for total monoterpenes and lowest value for total sesquiterpenes. The authors noted the need for further taxonomic study, particularly of the Australian material. 

The stndies of variation patterns in Lasthenia and Brickellia hardly break the snrface of a vast and complex literatnre on chemical variation within Asteraceae. The snbject has been discnssed in detail, with reviews focnsing on polyacetylenes (Bohlmann et al., 1973), sesqniterpene derivatives (Seaman, 1982), and flavonoids (Bohm and Stnessy, 2001). The next examples come from the sesqniterpene lactone literatnre and, again, represent only a sample of the applications that have been made nsing those data. Examples covering the taxonomic hierarchy within Asteraceae np to the early 1980s can be fonnd in the monumental review of the family prepared by Seaman (1982). 

---