Target animal safety toxicity testing

The development of veterinary products for cattle, pigs, sheep, poultry and other food producing animals also includes residue testing of all new pharmaceutical products, including adjuvants or other excipients in vaccines. Residue safety studies address the potential risk to humans due to the consumption of food from treated animals. Accordingly, the test substances in these toxicity studies are applied orally. Residue depletion studies (pharmacokinetic studies) in the target species must be carried out to define the occurence, concentration and elimination of the substance and its metabolites in edible tissues, milk and eggs. 

In drug discovery, specific enzymes or receptors are first targeted for drug action. The earliest experiments use chemistry to synthesize drugs experimental animals to test the biochemical, behavioral, and toxic actions of the drugs and human subjects, both normal volunteers and patients, to test the safety and efficacy of the drugs... 

---