TANOL

You may find it help ful to use a molecular model of (/ ) 2 bu tanol to guide you through this procedure... 

Similar procedures have been used in preparing other 2-alkylaminoethanols and N-alkyl derivatives of l-amino-2-pro-panol, 2-amino-l-propanol, 3-amino-l-propanol, 2-amino-l-bu-tanol, and l-amino 2-methyl-2-propanol. ... 

If the mass spectrum has a large peak at m/z 42, check tanol. 

When we learned how to name compounds, we said that we would skip over the naming of stereocenters until we learned how to determine configuration. Now that we know how to determine whether a stereocenter is R or S, we can now see how to include this in the name of a compound. It is actually quite simple. If there is only one stereocenter, then you simply place either (R) or (S) at the beginning of the name. For example, 2-butanol has one stereocenter, and can either be (I )-2-bu-tanol or (S)-2-butanol, depending on the configuration of the stereocenter. If more than one stereocenter is present, then you must also use numbers to identify the location of each stereocenter. Consider the following example ... 

The reaction between mono-octyl phthalate and i5tMx tanol (see Fig. 5.4-25) in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst (rert-butyl titanate) was studied in a batch reactor (Szarawara et al., 1991). This is the second step of the reaction between phthalic anhydride and o-octanol. First the ring is opened and mono-octyl phthalate is formed. Water is removed by evaporation as it is formed. The reaction was carried out at 174 °C. The initial concentration of mono-octyl phthalate was cpno = 1.85 mol/L and the ratio of initial concentrations of iio-octanol to mono-ooctyl phthalate coc.o/cph,o = 1.4. The reaction was... 

Best, S. A. Merz Jr., K. M. Reynolds, C. H., Free energy perturbation study of oc-tanol/water partition coefficients Comparison with continuum GB/SA calculations, J. Phys. Chem. B 1999,103, 714-726. 

Similarly, and in contrast to the behavior of its secondary isomer, 2-adaman-tanol, 1-adamantanol undergoes smooth, quantitative reduction to adamantane in less than an hour at room temperature in dichloromethane solution containing triethylsilane under the catalysis of either free boron trifluoride129 or boron trifluoride etherate (Eq. 13).143... 

In a similar fashion, 2-cumyladamantane (12, R = Ph) is formed in nearly quantitative yield upon treatment of the easily synthesized 2-cumyl-2-adaman-tanol (11, R = Ph)154 with triethylsilane and methanesulfonic acid in dichloromethane at —78°.155 The high yield of a single very strained hydrocarbon product in each reaction is quite surprising in view of the very complex interconversions of carbocations known to take place from the alcohol precursors.140,151 152 156... 

As depicted in Fig. 6, syntheses of enantiomerically pure 116 and 117 have been carried out [236]. Lipase AK-catalysed asymmetric acetylation of meso-2,4-dimethyl-1,5-pentanediol A yielded (2R,4S)-5-acetoxy-2,4-dimethylpen-tanol B. Protection of the free hydroxy group as the terf-butyldimethylsilyl (TBS) ether, saponification of the acetate, and oxidation furnished the aldehyde C. Reaction of C with ethylmagnesium bromide gave a diastereomeric mixture of the corresponding secondary alcohols which could be resolved by asym-... 

McKim, J. Schmieder, P. Veith, G. 1985, Absorption dynamics of organic cherrrrcal transport across trout gills as related to rx tanol-water partition coefficient. Toxicol. Appl. PharrrL 77 1-10. 

There are thermochemical data for only one nonmethyl aliphatic hydroxylamine, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine . The enthalpy of formation difference between it and A-methyl-hydroxylamine is 71.6 kJ mol . This is very nearly the same as the difference of 79.7 kJ mol between the corresponding primary and secondary alcohols, ethanol and 3-pen-tanol, where the N of the hydroxylamine is replaced by a CH. Thus, the formal reaction enthalpy of equation 3 is only 8.1 kJmol . 

Fig. 5 Relationship between the log Ks values obtained by chromatography on entrapped egg yolk phospholipid (EPL) liposomes and the log Poct values from oc-tanol/water partitioning analyses, for neutral drugs (upper line) and for positively (center line) and negatively (lower line) charged drugs. (Reprinted with permission from Ref. 27. Copyright 2001 Elsevier Science.)...

Abb. 45. OH-Banden verschiedener AI-kohole. a 3-Pentanol b 3-Methyl-3-pentanol c 2.2.4,Trimethyl-3-penta-nol 2.4.DimethyI-3-iithyl-3-pentanol 6 2.2.4.Trimethyl-3-Sthyl-3-pentanol / 2.2.4. Trimethyl-3-isopropyl-3-pentanol g 2.2.4.4.Tetramethyl-3 n-propyl-3-pen-tanol h 2.2.4.4.Tetramethyl-3-isopropyl-3-pentanol. 

Cabral and coworkers [253] have investigated the batch mode synthesis of a dipeptide acetyl phenylalanine leucinamide (AcPhe-Leu-NH2) catalyzed by a-chymotrypsin in a ceramic ultrafiltration membrane reactor using a TTAB/oc-tanol/heptane reverse micellar system. Separation of the dipeptide was achieved by selective precipitation. Later on the same group successfully synthesized the same dipeptide in the same reactor system in a continuous mode [254] with high yields (70-80%) and recovery (75-90%). The volumetric production was as high as 4.3 mmol peptide/l/day with a purity of 92%. The reactor was operated for seven days continuously without any loss of enzyme activity. Hakoda et al. [255] proposed an electro-ultrafiltration bioreactor for separation of RMs containing enzyme from the product stream. A ceramic membrane module was used to separate AOT-RMs containing lipase from isooctane. Application of an electric field enhanced the ultrafiltration efficiency (flux) and it further improved when the anode and cathode were placed in the permeate and the reten-tate side respectively. 

Finizio, A., M. Vighi, and D. Sandroni, Determination of n-Oc-tanol/Water Partition Coefficients (Kl)W) of Pesticides Critical Review and Comparison of Methods, Chemosphere, 34, 131-161 (1997b). 

A very similar, but reversed pattern can be obtained for mandelates and O-methylmande-lates15c-d, Figure 4. The different spectra and order of chirality for esters of 3,3-dimethyl-2-bu-tanol have already been shown in Figure 2. 

Fig. 13. A) DRIFT difference spectrum of CaC03 treated with 0.8 wt% AMPTES form n-bu-tanol solution FTIR difference spectra of CaC03 treated with 1 wt% AMPTES B) before washing with THF, C) after washing with THF, D) spectrum of condensed neat AMPTES...

Natural aroma chemicals Production via fermentation or enzymatic treatment Oxidation of 2-methylbu-tanol to 2-methylbutyric acid via Acetobacter species... 

In the following a survey is given of the substances which have been found to alter intercellular coupling. First drugs will be considered which uncouple gap junctions. A number of lipophilic compounds have been described to reduce gap junctional coupling. These substances include alcohols like hep-tanol and octanol, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and alcohols and... 

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