Tangerines

The Tangerine oil ot commerce, also known as oil of Mandarin orange, on acconat ot the custom of presenting the orange in question... 

Methyl anthranUatc, delcrm. Qed as described under tangerine orange Dll, IS present- to the estent of (1 2 lo 1 0 pec cent, iu ordinary ncioli oil, or lO d 10 LG pei ccol. in Llic oil estrae ed /roni llic distillalion water. 

CLOUGH j M and pattenden g (1983) Stereochemical assignment of prolycopene and other poly-c isomeric carotenoids in fruits of the tangerine tomato Lycopersicon esculentum var, Tangella J Chem Soc Perkin Trans, 1, 30121-18. 

ISAACSON T, RONEN G, ZAMIR D and HIRSCHBERG J (2002) Cloning of tangerine from tomato reveals a carotenoid isomerase essential for production of 3-carotene and xanthophyUs in plants . Plant Cell, 14, 333-42. 

Eckardt, N., Tangerine dreams cloning of carotenoid isomerase from Arabidopsis... 

Oranges, lemons, clementines, manderins, grapefruit, tangelos, tangerines... 

Vanillin Orange Tangerine Lemon Lime Grapefruit juice... 

Goodner KL, Jella P and Rouseff RL. 2000. Determination of vanillin in orange, grapefruit, tangerine, lemon, and lime juices using GC-olfactometry and GC-MS/MS. J Agric Food Chem 48(7) 2882-2886. 

Xanthophyll esters are common in fruits and vegetables. Few data exist regarding the effect of carotenoid esterification on carotenoid bioavailability. Xanthophyll esters are readily broken in the human intestine (West and Castenmiller 1998 Breithaupt and others 2003 Faulks and Southon 2005). Chitchumroonchokchai and Failla (2006) demonstrated that hydrolysis of zeaxanthin esters increases zeaxanthin bioavailability. Wingerath and others (1995) did not find (3-cryptoxanthin esters in chylomicrons from humans fed with tangerine juice. Herbst and others (1997) demonstrated that lutein diesters are more bioavailable than free lutein. However, the question of whether the free or the esterified form is more bioavailable to humans is still an ongoing discussion. 

Wingerath T, Stahl W and Sies H. 1995. 3-Cryptoxanthin selectively increases in human chylomicrons upon ingestion of tangerine concentrate rich in 3-cryptoxanthin esters. Arch Biochem Biophys 324 385-390. 

Target species Many varieties of citrus including grapefruits, oranges, lemons, limes, and tangerines. 

Hagelin, J. C., Jones, I. L., and Rasmussen, L. E. L. (2003). A tangerine-scented social odour in a monogamous seabird. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 270,1323-1329. 

Satsumas, tangerines, clementines, peaches, pineapples, nectarines, plums, mangoes, raspberries, blueberries, blackcurrants, blackberries, rhubarbs... 

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