Tan studies

Fein, M.L., and Filachione, E.M. (1957) Tanning studies with aldehydes. J. Am. Leather Cbem. Assoc. 52, 17. 

Figure 4.7 Reprinted from D. Dowson et al., Eds., Lubricants and Lubrication, Elsevier Science B.V. M. Kasrai, M. Fuller, M. Scaini, Z. Yin, G.M. Bancroft, M.E. Fleet, K. Fyfe and K.H. Tan, Study of tribochemical film formation using X-ray absorption and photoelectron spectroscopies, pp. 659-669. Copyright 1995, with permission of the authors.

Leather Tanning. Studies of workers in tanneries, where exposure is mainly to chromium(III), in the United States (0.002-0.054 mg total chromium/m3) (Stern et al. 1987), the United Kingdom (no concentration specified) (Pippard et al. 1985), and in the Federal Republic of Germany (no concentration specified) (Korallus et al. 1974a) reported no association between exposure to chromium(III) and excess risk of cancer. 

In ellipsometry monochromatic light such as from a He-Ne laser, is passed through a polarizer, rotated by passing through a compensator before it impinges on the interface to be studied [142]. The reflected beam will be elliptically polarized and is measured by a polarization analyzer. In null ellipsometry, the polarizer, compensator, and analyzer are rotated to produce maximum extinction. The phase shift between the parallel and perpendicular components A and the ratio of the amplitudes of these components, tan are related to the polarizer and analyzer angles p and a, respectively. The changes in A and when a film is present can be related in an implicit form to the complex index of refraction and thickness of the film. 

Potentiometric determinations of the pK of thiazole and essentially its alkyl derivatives are summarized in Table T50. The most reliable values are given by Phan-Tan-Luu et al. (321), who realized a critical study of the classical Henderson method for the determination of pK. ... 

Many procedures have been studied for detoxification of aflatoxkis, including heat and treatment with ammonia, methylamine, or sodium hydroxide coupled with extraction from an acetone—hexane—water solvent system. Because ki detoxification it is important to free the toxki from cellular constituents to which it is bound, a stabifi2ation of protekis uskig a tanning compound such as acetaldehyde (qv) or glutaraldehyde may be a solution to the problem (98). 

Any vegetable tanning extract used commercially is a complex mixture of related substances. The individual tanning properties of the extracts have been extensively studied and are weU known in the industry. 

Naphthalene derivatives are of diverse importance as intermediates for agricultural, constmction, pharmaceutical, photographic, mbber, tanning, and textile chemicals. In this article production figures, economics, and processes are discussed for most commercially important compounds. Sources for a more comprehensive study of naphthalene derivatives are available (1 8). 

Dynamic techniques are used to determine storage and loss moduli, G and G respectively, and the loss tangent, tan 5. Some instmments are sensitive enough for the study of Hquids and can be used to measure the dynamic viscosity T 7 Measurements are made as a function of temperature, time, or frequency, and results can be used to determine transitions and chemical reactions as well as the properties noted above. Dynamic mechanical techniques for sohds can be grouped into three main areas free vibration, resonance-forced vibrations, and nonresonance-forced vibrations. Dynamic techniques have been described in detail (242,251,255,266,269—279). A number of instmments are Hsted in Table 8. Related ASTM standards are Hsted in Table 9. 

E.T. Kang, K.G. Neoh, K.L. Tan, X-ray Photoeleciron Spectroscopic Studies of Electroaclive Polymers, Springer, Berlin, 1993. 

Early biochemical studies supported the hypothesis that the HRl and the HR2 peptides would interact to form a helical structure (Chen et al. 1995 Lu et al. 1995). This hypothesis was strengthened when X-ray structures were resolved for co-crystals of HRl and HR2 peptides (Chan et al. 1997 Tan et al. 1997 Weissenhom et al. 1997). The results showed that in the six-helix bundle, three HRl domains were packed tightly together in the center of the bundle, with the HR2 domains bound in an antiparallel manner in grooves formed along the HRl core. 

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