Tailor-Made Enzymes - Catalytic Antibodies

In order to develop an artificial restriction enzyme that can cleave a desired sequence, an oligonucleotide tag needs to be attached to the catalysis site. The artificial enzyme shown in Fig. 6.15 has an oligonucleotide tag (the rectangle) connected to a metal-chelate-type catalysis site (the circle). The catalytic site was fixed to a particular site on the substrate upon base pairing between the artificial enzyme and the substrate. When the Lu-chelate site was connected to single-stranded DNA, and the DNA moiety was hybridized to RNA with the complementary sequence, the RNA was hydrolyzed at the desired site. If the DNA sequence in the artificial enzyme is designed appropriately, RNA can be cleaved at any site desired. 

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Tailor-Made Enzymes - Catalytic Antibodies There are antibodies that catalyze reactions by mimicking their transition states. A catalytic antibody can be regarded as a tailor-made artificial enzyme. 

Antibodies can provide tailor-made molecular catalysts (although so far lacking enzyme-like rate enhancements) by using transition-state analogues as the antigens. The same kind of sculpting of an active site around a small-molecule template affords catalytic activity via molecular imprinting of polymers. ... 

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