Tactile display, high resolution

Besides microfluidics the human-machine interaction, especially the imaging systems, could enormously benefit from the availability of large-scale integrated actuator systems. Such systems could provide an additional mechanical data channel intended for the sense of touch of the human, which is a very sensitive aesthesia. A first impression about the performance of a high-resolution tactile display gives the artificial skin (Fig. 15a). 

Konyo et al. developed the tactile display using the IPMC actuator (Konyo et al. 2007). The IPMC actuator has many advantages including high spatial resolution, wide frequency range, an ability of generate stimuli in multiple directions, wearabiUty, and safety, as compared to the conventional actuators used for die... 

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