T-kininogen

T-Kininogen (TK) (single chain glycoproteins Cystatin-like domains) Metalloproteases (MPRs) Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) Bradykinin inflammation, vascular regulation, vasodilation] 13.5C-D 13.5C... 

Reddigari SR, Shibayama Y. Brunnee T. Kaplan AP Human Hageman factor (factor Xll) and high molecular weight kininogen compete for the same binding site on human umbihcal vein endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 1993 268 11982-11987. 

Hasan AA, Zisman T. Schmaier AH Identification of cytokeratin 1 as a binding protein and presentation receptor for kininogens on endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998 95 3615-3620. 

Kinins. These hormones are small peptides that induce contraction of smooth muscles, lower blood pressure (Box 22-D), and increase vascular permeability.176 They also have a function in contact-activated blood coagulation. The most important human kinins are the nonapeptide bradykinin177178 and the related decapeptide lysine-bradykinin (Table 30-4). Other forms such as Met-Lys-bradykinin and Ile-Ser-bradykinin (T-kinin) are also known. The precursors to the kinins, the kininogens,176 are cleaved by the protease kallikrein (Fig. 12-17) or by kallikreinlike enzymes to form the kinins. Kinins are suspected of being important producers of pain in inflammatory conditions such as arthritis.1763... 

Chavakis T, Santoso S, Clemetson KJ, et al, High molecular weight kininogen regulates platelet-leukocyte interactions by bridging Mac-1 and glycoprotein lb. J Biol Chem 2003 278 45375-45381. 

Cystatin refers to a diverse family of protein cysteine protease inhibitors. There are three general types of cystatins Type 1 (stefens), which are primarily found in the cytoplasm but can appear in extracellular fluids Type 2, which are secreted and found in most extracellular fluids and Type 3, which are multidomain protease inhibitors containing carbohydrates and that include the kininogens. Cystatin 3 is used to measure renal function in clinical chemistry. See Barrett, A.J., The cystatins a diverse superfamily of cysteine peptidase inhibitors, Biomed. Biochim. Acta 45,1363-1374,1986 Katunuma, N., Mechanisms and regulation of lysosomal proteolysis, Revis. Biol. Cellular 20, 35-61, 1989 Gauthier, F., Lalmanach, G., Moeau, T. et al., Cystatin mimicry by synthetic peptides, Biol Chem. Hoppe Seyler 373, 465-470, 1992 Bobek, L.A. and Levine,... 

D-MS 4-Aminophenol D-, L-ser, cis/tr-Ft Rat kidney plasma T Plasma kininogen in renal toxicity plasma biomarkers... 

H. Suda, H. Yamasuchi, and T. Iso. Potentiative effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on carrageenan edema in rats and the role of tissue kininogen. 

Mamo K, Akaike T, Inada Y, Ohkubo I, Ono T, Maeda H. Effect of microbial and mite proteases on low and high molecular weight kininogens. J Biol Chem 1993 268 17711-17715. 

Wuepper, K., Miller, D., Lacombe, M., and Flaujeac, T. 1975. Deficiency of human plasma kininogen. J. Clin. Invest. 56 1663-1672. 

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