Synthetic silks spinning

Synthetic Spider Silk Fibers Natural i/s Artificial Spinning Strategies... 

Synthetic Spider Silk Fibers Natural vs Artificial Spinning Strategies 174... 

Asakura, T., Ohgo, K., Ishida, T., Taddei, P., Monti, P., and Kishore, R. (2005). Possible implications of serine and tyrosine residues and intermolecular interactions on the appearance of silk I structure of Bombyx mod silk fibroin-derived synthetic peptides High-resolution 13C cross-polarization/magic-angle spinning NMR study. Biomacromolecules 6, 468-474. 

Rayon is made from cellulose. Count Chardonnet made the synthetic fibre from mulberry leaves. Chardonnet was studying the diseases of the silkworms. He was inspired by the silkworm spinning silk to find a way to make artificial silk. He made artificial silk from the cellulose he obtained from mulberry leaves by a complex process. 

With the exception of silk, which the silkworm or spider extrudes as a continuous filament, natural fibers are of finite length. For textile use, these need to be cleaned and then spun into threads or yams. Synthetic fibers, on the other hand, are continuous filaments produced from a solution or melt. The term spinning is used to describe the formation of synthetic fibers, but in this sense it has no relation to the process for combining fibers into threads. 

In man-made fibres, any stretching will irreversibly alter the crystallinity and there is no control of the lateral size of polymer crystals. Semicrystalline polymer networks typically consist of platelet type crystals whose width exceeds their thickness by several order of magnitudes because only the thickness is controlled by the chain folding [61]. In contrast to synthetic fibres, spider silk does not need any mechanical treatment by external forces the constituents self-assemble directly during the spinning-process. These examples clearly demonstrate the need for more detailed control of the mesoscopic structures for further development of man-made materials. 

Humans first relied on natural polymers for clothing, wrapping themselves in animal skins and furs. Later, they learned to spin natural fibers into thread and to weave the thread into cloth. Today, much of our clothing is made of synthetic polymers (e.g., nylon, polyester, polyacrylonitrile). Many people prefer clothing made of natural polymers (e.g., cotton, wool, silk), but it has been estimated that if synthetic polymers were not available, all the arable land in the United States would have to be used for the production of cotton and wool for clothing. 

DoreTex is a yam-spinning company that focuses on high-end yams. While 60% of the company s output is synthetic, the company s core focus is cotton. This is both because the DoreTex production technology is based on the system used for cotton and because the natural fibre, along with linen, hemp, silk, wool and cashmere, is what ensmes the company s privileged relationship with the fashion industry. Consequently, the application of the decision-making process was focussed on the cotton division. 

Delustrant n. A chemical agent used either before or after spinning to produce dull surfaces on synthetic fibers to obtain a more natural, silk like appearance. 

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