Symptomatic treatment rhinitis

Cetirizine is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis, seasonal allergic rhinitis, chronic idiopathic urticaria, conjunctivitis and pruritus in adults and children above two years of age. 

Carbinoxamine competitively antagonizes histamine at Hj receptor sites. It is indicated in the symptomatic treatment of nasal and nonnasal seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis. Palgic tablets also are indicated for vasomotor rhinitis allergic conjunctivitis caused by inhalant allergens and... 

Cromolyn sodium (Nasalcrom), a mast cell stabilizer, is available as a nonprescription nasal spray for symptomatic prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis. 

Apart from disease entities, one recognizes a variety of symptoms that makes up a disease, like pain, fever, convulsions, cough, rhinitis, nausea, meteorism, diarrhea, headache, dyspnea, anorexia, insomnia, constipation, etc. All these symptoms could make up a symptom complex or syndrome, or may stand alone by themselves without being part of a disease entity. The term of symptomatic drug treatment usually refers to its use for the alleviation of symptoms, whether as a part of a syndrome or standing alone. 

Rotenone (Figure 56-1) is obtained from Derris elliptica, D mallaccensis, Lonchocarpus utilis, and L urucu. The oral ingestion of rotenone produces gastrointestinal irritation. Conjunctivitis, dermatitis, pharyngitis, and rhinitis can also occur. Treatment is symptomatic. 

Cetirizine competitively antagonizes histamine at the Hi-receptor site and is indicated in the symptomatic relief of symptoms (e.g., nasal, nonnasal) associated with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis treatment of uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria. Histamine is a potent vasodilator, bronchial smooth-muscle constrictor, and stimnlant of nociceptive itch nerves. In addition to histamine, mnltiple chemical itch mediators can act as pruritogens on C-fibers, including neuropeptides, prostaglandins, serotonin, acetylcholine, and bradykinin. Furthermore, new receptor systems such as vanilloid, opioid, and canna-binoid receptors on cutaneous sensory nerve fibers that may modulate itch offer novel targets for antipruritic therapy. 

Fexofenadine is a peripherally selective histamine receptor antagonist that competitively antagonizes histamine at the Hj-receptor site. It is indicated in the symptomatic relief of symptoms (nasal and nonnasal) associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis and treatment of uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria. 

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