Surfactant phosphocholine

The quadrupolar 2H spin-lattice relaxation of specifically deuterated surfactants, such as the methyl deuterated n-alkyl phosphocholine surfactants, also shows a concentration dependence. The CMC of dodecyl phosphocholine was determined by exploiting the difference in the 2H spin-lattice relaxation times of the monomers versus the micellar state.68 Quadrupole splittings of 14N were also used to characterize the micellization process of short-chain perfluoro-carboxylic acid salts.69... 

Rodriguez, C, Kunieda, H., Nogudri, Y., and Nakaya, T. (2001) Surfece tension properties of novel phosphocholine-based fluorinated surfactants. /. Colloid Interface Sci., 242, 255-258. 

P.M. MacDonald, J.R. Rydall, S.C. Kuebler and F. Winnik, Synthesis and Characterization of a Homologous Series of Zwitterionic Surfactants based on Phosphocholine, Langmuir, 1 ... 

With the increasing demand for skin care and repair products, the personal care market is evolving toward even milder, essentially nonirritating cleansing formulations. To design such skin-compatible compounds, it is only natural to attempt to imitate the functional characteristics of the biochemical surfactants, phospholipids. The phosphocholine moiety is the most common hydrophilic group, usually coupled to a diglyceride hydrophobe unit as in lecithin, a phospholipid commercially extracted from egg and soybean products. 

Lysosomes isolated from type II cells of male New Zealand White rabbits injected intratracheally with [ H]dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and C C]l,2-dihexadecyl-s -glycero-3-phosphocholine are the primary catabolic organelle for alveolar surfactant dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine following reuptake by type II cells in vivo (Rider et al. 2000). 

FIGURE 3.1 Some examples of common surfactant molecules, from top anionic surfactant SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate, also commonly known as sodium lauryl sulfate) cationic surfactants CTAB (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide), DDAB (didecyidimethylammonium bromide) commercial nonionic detergent Triton X-100 and zwitterionic lipid DOPC (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine). 

FIGURE 3.7 Bilayer tubules prepared in solution from the lipid DOPC (l,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, a biological surfactant) and imaged using fluorescence microscopy. 

FIGURE 3.19 DPPC (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine), a saturated phospholipid and the primary component of lung surfactant. 

---