Surface relief grating materials

The first investigated azo-polysiloxane contains nucleobases in the side chain. This azo-polymer class presents a potential interest in the fields of optoelectronic or biomolecnle immobilization and nanomanipulation. The optoelectronic applications are the consequence of the azo-materials capacity to generate surface relief grating (SRG) under UV irradiation. In spite of the fact that the SRG problem is stndied by many research gronps, nntil now, the mechanism of the surface... 

Darracq, B., Chaput, R, Lahlil, K., Levy, Y., and Boilot, J. P. Photoinscription of surface relief gratings on azo-hybrid gels. Advanced Materials 1998,10, pp. 1133-1136. 

Tripathy, S. K., Viswanathan, N., Balasubramanian, S., Bian, S., Li, L., and Kumar, J. Polarization dependent holographic write, read and erasure of surface relief gratings on azopolymer films, in Multiphoton and Light Driven Multielectron Processes in Organics New Phenomena, Materials and Applications, pp. 421-436, eds R Kajzar and M. V. Agranovich, 2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands. 

Ubukata, T., Seki, T., and Ichimura, K. Surface relief gratings in host-guest supramolecular materials. Adv. Mater., 12, 1675 (2000). 

Ideally, the surface of the transparent cover should have a gradient of the index of refraction ranging from 1.0 for air to the index of refraction of the cover material. For the required very small indices of refraction no materials exist in nature. Such small indices of refraction can only be made by effective media in which the cover material is mixed with air on a subwavelength scale as described in Sect. 1. Subwavelength surface-relief structures with a continuous profile as shown in Fig. 2 form an effective refractive index gradient and are therefore well suited for broadband AR surfaces. This type of AR surface-relief grating is called a moth-eye structure according to the example found in nature on the cornea of... 

Ando H, Takahashi T, Nakano H, Shirota Y. 2003. Comparative studies of the formation of surface relief grating. Amorphous molecular material vs vinyl polymer. Chem Lett 32 710 711. 

Goldenberg L, Gritsai Y, Kulikovska O, Stumpe J. 2008a. 3D planarized diffraction structures based on surface relief gratings in azobenzene materials. Opt Lett 33 1309 1311. 

Nakano H, Takahashi T, Kadota T, Shirota Y. 2002. Formation of the surface relief grating using a novel azobenzene based photochromic amorphous molecular material. Adv Mater 14 1157 1160. 

Sharma L, Matsuoka T, Kimura T, Matsuda H. 2002. Investigation into the surface relief grating mechanism via XPS in new azobenzene based optical material. Polym Adv Technol 13(6) 481 486. 

In 1995, two groups independently reported surface-relief gratings inscribed in AZ-containing polymer materials almost at the same time (Rochon et al., 1995 Kim et al., 1995). 

Fig. 5. Surface-relief gratings recorded in AZ-containing amorphous polymer materials.

Nakano, H. Takahashi, T. Kadota, T. Shirota, Y. (2002). Formation of Surface Relief Grating Using a Novel Azobenzene-based Photochromic Amorphous Molecular Material. Ado. Mater., 2002,14,1157-1160. 

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