Surface modification of carbon nanotube

Figure 34 Surface modification of carbon nanotubes through chemical reactions with sp network. For clarity, one substitution with n multiples is illustrated...

The surface of carbon nanotubes is non-reactive, which reduces their compatibility with other materials, especially organic solvents and polymer matrices. Surface modification of carbon nanotubes for this reason can significantly increase their applicability (Robertson,... 

L. Qiu, Y. Yang, L. Xu, and X. Liu, Influence of surface modification of carbon nanotube on microstructures and properties of polyamide 66/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites. Polymer Composites, 34 (5), 656-664, 2013. 

Subrahmanyam KS, Vivekchand SRC, Govindaraj A, Rao CNR (2008) A study of graphenes preprtfed by different methods characterization, properties and solubilization. J Mater Chem 18 1517-1523 Sun J-T, Hong C-Y, Pan C-Y (2011) Surface modification of carbon nanotubes with dendrimers or hyperbianched polymers. Polym Chem 2 998-l(X)7... 

Although outer-surface modification of carbon nanotubes has been developed for nearly two decades, interior modification via covalent chemistry is still challenging due to the low reactivity of the inner-surface. Specifically, forming covalent bonds at inner walls of carbon nanotubes requires a transformation from sp to sp hybridization. The formation of sp carbon is energetically unfavorable for concave surfaces. Hence, the interior functionalization of carbon nanotubes remains a challenge. 

DC10F21 was prepared in situ by mixing the corresponding anfine with neat isoam-ylnitrite directly on the surface of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) the surface was then heated to 60 for 1 h which resulted in a 2- to 4-Iayer PMMA-C10F21 film [90]. A microwave-assisted surface modification of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanohoms has also been described [91-93]. 

In addition to C onions, C atoms condense into various kinds of chemically bonded forms, and they are known to have excellent physical properties depending on the bonding nature. This means that research and applications not only in the materials science but also in other scientific fields are expected. At JAERI, the optimum growth conditions have been successfully obtained for the preparation of high-quality Cgo, diamondlike carbon, and nanocrystalline diamond by means of ion-beam-assisted deposition [80-82]. The susceptibility of Ni/Cgo thin films to thermal treatment, the formation of nanocrystalline diamond and nanotubes due to codeposition of Co and Ceo, and the surface modification of glassy... 

Encapsulation of other material into carbon nanotubes would also open up a possibility for the applications to electrodevices. By applying the template method, perfect encapsulation of other material into carbon nanotubes became possible. No foreign material was observed on the outer surface of carbon nanotubes. The metal-filled uniform carbon nanotubes thus prepared can be regarded as a novel onedimensional composite, which could have a variety of potential applications (e.g novel catalyst for Pt metal-filled nanotubes, and magnetic nanodevice for Fe304-filled nanotubes). Furthermore, the template method enables selective chemical modification of the inner surface of carbon nanotubes. With this technique, carbon... 

Ivanov LV, Chernykh VP, Kartel NT et al (2008) Study of mechanisms of carbon nanotubes cytotoxicity. In Chemistry, Physics and Technology of Surface Modification. Proceedings of ISC, Kiev 34-36... 

Eitan, A., Jiang, K. Y., Dukes, D., Andrews, R., and Schadler, L. S. 2003. Surface modification of mul-tiwalled carbon nanotubes Toward the tailoring of the interface in polymer composites. Chemistry of Materials 15 3198-201. 

Cindrella L, Kannan AM, Ahmad R, Thommes M (2009) Surface modification of gas diffusion layers by inorganic nanomaterials for performance enhancement of proton exchange membrane fuel cells at low RH conditions. Int J Hydrogen Energ 34 6377-6383 Kannan AM, Kanagala P, Veedu V (2009) Development of carbon nanotubes based gas diffusion layers by in situ chemical vapour deposition process for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Power Sources 192 297-303... 

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