Surface hybridization studies kinetics

A hybrid technique of FFF and adhesion chromatography was used to study the rapid biological kinetics of cell surface adhesion of B and T lymphocytes to HA 13 surfaces. Since cell adhesion is critical in many areas, including cancer metastasis and thrombosis research, a tool for the study of adhesion kinetics is highly desired [332]. Cells [281] and yeast cells [451] were successfully separated by DEP-FFF. 

The EIS response depends on the flhn thickness and morphology, applied potential, and, obviously, the nature of the components of the hybrid system. The hydro-phobic nature of the polymer, the level of doping within the film, and the size of ions in contact with the polymer surface are factors to be considered for studying the response of such materials. In short, the kinetics of the overall charge transfer process should take into account (1) electron hopping between adjacent redox sites (Andrieux et al., 1986) usually described in terms of a Warburg diffusion impedance element (Nieto and Tucceri, 1996) and (2) double-layer charging at the metal-flhn interface, represented in terms of a double-layer capacitance element. 

It is generally assumed that a carbon surface is mainly composed of two types of planes basal and edge. The edge planes include all types of defects that may be present in the structure (mainly potentially unsaturated sp2-hybridized carbon atoms bound to only two other carbon atoms) and thus constitute the so-called active sites or active surface area (ASA). During the last four decades, the concept of active sites has been very useful in the study of carbon reactivity [52,79-81] as well as to the gasification kinetics of coal chars [82-85]. 

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