Sun drying

Gum Ghatti. Gum ghatti [9000-28-61] is an exudate Foxn.xinogeissus latifolia a tree that is found in India and Sri Lanka. The exudations are natural, but yields can be increased by making artificial incisions. The sun-dried gum is classified according to color and impurities and processed by grinding to a fine powder. 

Bricks are the oldest manufactured building material in use. Sun-dried bricks were manufactured as eady as 6000 BC, and fired bricks were used during the Middle Ages. Today s bricks differ very Htde except in the efficiency of manufacture they ate stiU made from clay or shale, a clay-based sedimentary rock that is kiln-fired. 

Many tribes used the berries as a food supply and included it in their pemmican, a mixture of nuts, meat and dried fruit which served as a suitable food when travelling and hunting. The Iroquois cooked elderberries and served them with com bread. They would sun-dry the berries and store them for winter food supplies. The Meskwaki prepared the berries as a conserve. The wood of the tree was useful in bow making. Straigth stems would be selected and dried, and from this arrows were made. The Iroquois would soak their... 

Digging, collecting, and mixing the raw materials and then molding and drying the shaped mud are the main stages involved in making sun-dried brick. The dug-out clay, sometimes exposed for some time to the atmosphere... 

Ferreira D, Guyot S, Mamet N, Delgadillo I, Renard CM and Coimbra MA. 2002. Composition of phenolic compounds in a Portuguese pear (Pyrus communis L. var. S. Bartolomeu) and changes after sun-drying. 

Morphine (10) and codeine (11), constituents of opium, are the most interesting alkaloids found in nature. Morphine is also the oldest alkaloid isolated, in 1805, by the German pharmacist Sertiimer from opium, the sun dried latex of Papaver somniferum. The structure of morphine with its so-called morphinan skeleton, once called the acrobat under the alkaloids, was finally elucidated in 1952 by the first total synthesis performed by Gates and Tschudi. Many syntheses would follow [26], but all morphine used today, whether legal or illicit, originates in the natural source P. somniferum or its extract, opium. The latex may contain up to 20% morphine. Most legal morphine is converted into the anticough medicine codeine (Table 5.1) by treatment with trimethylanilinium methoxide, whereas almost all illicit morphine is acetylated to the diacetate heroin. 

Another supercritical C02 extraction method employed vegetable oil as co-solvent. Sun-dried tomatoes (50 per cent moisture content) were further dried at 70°C and 20mbar for 70-80h. The final product, containing about 6 per cent moisture, was ground to a particle size of 1 mm. 

The construction and appearance of bidi cigarettes differ markedly from commercial cigarettes. Bidis are manufactured primarily in India, and consist of about 150-250 mg of sun-dried tobacco (N. tabacum) flakes wrapped in a dried leaf of tembumi (Diospyros melanoxylon) or tendi (Diospyrosebenum) (Pakhale and Maru 1998). 

It was reported that about ten tons of by-catch oilfish and escolar were sun-dried and consumed annually in Japan before the sale prohibition was implemented (Mori et al., 1966c). Up to 400 tons of escolar are caught annually in Australia (Shadbolt et al., 2002). In 2003, escolar catch accounted for up to 16,501 tons of total by-catch species in longline fishing conducted by the Southern and Western Tima and Billfish Fishery... 

The patchouli shrub is cultivated primarily in Indonesia. It grows to 1 m, but during harvesting is cut back to 10-15 cm. The oil yield from preferably sun-dried leaves is ca. 2%. 

In Peru, farm-gate prices for sun-dried coca leaf declined from a national average of US 2.9/kg in 2005 to only US 2.5/kg in 2006. The monthly average prices for sun-dried coca leaf at the farm-gate in 2006 remained in the price range of US 2-3/kg observed since 2001. 

In Bolivia, farm-gate prices for sun-dried coca leaf fell... 

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