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Sulfur mustards metabolism

Skin erythema and blistering watery, swollen eyes upper airways sloughing with pulmonary edema metabolic failure neutropenia and sepsis (especially sulfur mustard, late in course). [Pg.191]

This paper will review the known metabolic pathways of CW agents, excretion profiles where these have been measured, and methods for the analysis of metabolites in urine or blood. Examples are provided of detection in cases of human exposure. The review focuses mainly on sulfur mustard and nerve agents that represent the greatest global CW threat, and for which most analytical methods have been developed. [Pg.405]

Figure 3. Metabolites of sulfur mustard identified by mass spectrometry, derived from an initial reaction with glutathione and metabolized by divergent mercapturic acid and (1-lyase pathways (8)... Figure 3. Metabolites of sulfur mustard identified by mass spectrometry, derived from an initial reaction with glutathione and metabolized by divergent mercapturic acid and (1-lyase pathways (8)...
One aspect of the metabolism of sulfur mustard that appears to be unresolved is the relative importance of TDG and TDGO as excretion products in man. In metabolism studies in rats, TDGO was present in much higher concentrations than TDG. Furthermore, when 35S 13C4-TDG was administered (i.p.) to rats, approximately 90% of the... [Pg.408]

Although an absorbed dose is expected to be fully metabolized, sulfur mustard is a highly lipophilic... [Pg.408]

The metabolism of nerve agents is much simpler than that of sulfur mustard. The major pathway for elimination is via enzyme-mediated hydrolysis by esterases, plus some chemical hydrolysis, as shown in Figure 10. In the case of the methylphosphonofluoridates and V agents, the major product is an alkyl methylphosphonic acid (alkyl MPA) (16). A small fraction of the nerve agent binds... [Pg.418]

Martens, M.E., Smith, W.J. (2008). The role of NAD depletion in the mechanism of sulfur mustard-induced metabolic injury. J. Toxicol. Cutan. Ocul. Toxicol. 27 41-53. [Pg.627]

Ray, R., Benton, B.J., Anderson, D.R., Byers, S.L., Petrali, J.P. (2000). Intervention of sulfur mustard toxicity by down-regulation of cell proliferation and metabolic rates. J. Appl. [Pg.917]

Davison C, Rozman RS and Smith PK (1961). Metabolism of bis-p-chloroethyl sulfide (sulfur mustard gas). Biochem Pharmacol, 7, 65-74. [Pg.152]

Martens ME, Smith WJ. Mechanisms of sulfur mustard induced metabolic injury. Proceedings of the 1993 Medical Chemical Defense Bioscience Review. May 1993 257-363. Defense Technical Information Center A275667. [Pg.224]

Blair, PC., Thompson, M.B., Bechtold, M., et al., 1990b. Evidence for oxidative damage to red blood cells in mice induced by arsine gas. Toxciol 63, 25-34. BMOD (British Ministry of Defense), 1972. Medical Manual of Defense against Chemical Agents. Her Majesty s Stationary Office, London, (JSP312). Brimfield, A.A., Soni, S.D., Trimmer, K.A., et al., 2012. Metabolic activation of sulfur mustard leads to oxygen free radical formation. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 52, 811-817. [Pg.514]


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Sulfur metabolism

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