Sulfonated polyketones

Various sulfonated polyketones have also been examined for use in a DMFC. For example, the 60°C fuel cell performance of an MEA prepared from postsulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) with a room temperature conductivity of 0.04 S/cm was superior to that of Nafion 117 (Pavlak et al., 2007). The methanol permeability of the SPEEK... 

In an earlier investigation by the author (1), polymeric ketones, (II), were prepared at ambient temperature by acid dehydration of a-phenyl acetic acid using phosphorus pentoxide and methane sulfonic acid as illustrated in Eq. (1). Aromatic polyketones formed from this process are provided in Table 2. 

TABLE 2. Selected Aromatic Polyketones Prepared by Dehydration of a-Phenyl Acetic Acid Using Phosphorus Pentoxide and Methane Sulfonic Acid"... 

Abbreviations PFSA, partially fluorinated sulfonic acid PK, polyketone-type sulfonic acid. 

W. R. Darnell and W. J. Jackson, Jr. Process for the preparation of polyketone and poly(ketone-sulfone) polymers. US Patent 4 861856, assigned to Easttnan Kodak Company (Rochester, NY), August 29, 1989. 

There exist several reports on s5mtheses of polyarylketones, containing bisphthalasinone and methylene [361, 362], naphthalene [363-367] links containing sulfonic groups [368], carboxyl group in side chain Ref [369], fluorine [370-372] and on the basis of carbon monoxide and sty-rol or -sthylstirol [373], It is shown that methylene and bisphthalasinone links in main chain of polyketones are responsible for its good solubility in m-cresol, chloroform. The links of bisphthalasinone improve thermal property of pol mier. 

Polyketone catalysis can be carried out in a wide variety of solvents, including water [using sulfonated ligands (75-79)], aprotic solvents [in which alumox-anes can be used as cocatalysts (80,81)], and even in solvent-free systems (62,82). However, methanol remains the solvent of choice for industrial polyketone production. Aliphatic polyketones can also be manufactured in a gas-phase process (83,84). 

Polyketones can be sulfonated by reaction with chlorosulfonic acid the products are chemically reactive and are useful as strongly acidic esterification catalysts and ion-exchange resins. The sulfonation of ethylene-carbonyl copolymer was achieved by treatment of the substrate with chlorosulfonic acid in dichloroethane at 0 C. " ... 

Polyketones are sulfonated by reaction with chlorosulfonic acid (see Chapter 5, p 162) and sulfonated aromatic polyether-polyketones have been obtained by treatment with mixtures of sulfur trioxide and chlorosulfonic acid. The sulfonated polymers are compression mouldable at high temperatures. Poly(arylether ketone) fibres of good dyeability were produced by treating the fibres with chlorosulfonic acid, sulfuric acid or sulfur trioxide. ... 

During the 1980s and 1990s, the pace of research and commercialisation of high-temperature plastics accelerated dramatically. The thermoplastic resin manufacturers introduced many new materials based on imide, sulfone, and ketone-based polymers. These include polyetherimide (1982) and polyphthalamide (1991). Polyketones and liquid crystal polymers were also commercialised in the 1990s. 

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