Sugars, hydrolysable

Synthetic medium containing xylose or arabinose and one or more complex ingredients (unless otherwise indicated). b Mixed sugar hydrolysate of native lignocellulosic substrate lacking complex medium ingredients. Detoxification applied unless otherwise indicated. 

Maltodextrins are products of hydrolysis with a DE value of <20. They generally contain from 0.3 to 1.6% of glucose, 0.9 to 5.8% of maltose, 1.4 to 11.0% of maltotriose, 1.4 to 6.1% of maltotetraose and 75.5 to 96.0% of higher sugars. Hydrolysates containing maltodextrins are mostly dried or, exceptionally, prepared as syrups. They increase the viscosity, smoothness and surface... 

Microorganism for Bioconversion of Sugar Hydrolysates into Lipids... 

MimiOTgaiiism for Bioconversion of Sugar Hydrolysates into Lipids Table 6 Ccnnparison of the results with the limits set by the rules... 

Of the common disaccharides sucrose does not reduce Fehling s solution. If the cane Sugar is hydrolysed by boiling it with dilute acid and the solution is neutralised with aqueous sodium hydroxide, the reduction of Fehling s solution occurs readily. 

Baits include mixtures of toxicant, usually at l ndash 5%, with a carrier especially attractive to the insect pest. Carriers include sugar for the houseflies, protein hydrolysates for fmit flies, bran for grasshoppers, and honey, chocolate, or peanut butter for ants. 

Candida utilis is grown on sulfite waste Hquor in Western Europe and North America, on sugar cane molasses in Cuba and Taiwan and on ceUulose acid hydrolysates in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. C. ///i/if utilizes hexoses, pentoses, and many organic acids. Sulfite Hquor from hardwoods contains 2—3% fermentable sugars of which 20% are hexoses and 80% pentoses in softwood Hquors the proportions are reversed. The SO2 must be stripped out to allow yeast growth, which is carried out in large, highly-aerated fermentors. Eor continuous fermentations, carried out at pH 4 and 30°C, the dilution rate is 0.27—0.30 (34). 

Hydrolysis of both neutral sugars from tylosin yields S-O-mycaminosyltylonolide (OMT) (51, R = CHO, R = R" = OH) (238). However, this compound is more conveniendy obtained by hydrolysis of mycarose from the fermentation-derived demycinosyltylosin. Analogous hydrolyses of mycarose from DMOT, GS-77-3, and GS-77-1 yield, respectively, 23-deoxy-5-0-mycaminosyltylonohde (DOMT), 20-deoxo-5-O-mycaminosyltylonohde (GS-77-4), and 5-0-mycaminosyltylactone (GS-77-2), all given in Table 9 (246,250,280). 

Caramel. Officially, the color additive caramel is the dark brown Hquid or soHd material resulting from the carefully controlled heat treatment of the following food-grade carbohydrates dextrose, invert sugar, lactose, malt symp, molasses, starch hydrolysates and fractions thereof, or sucrose. Practically speaking, caramel is burned sugar. 

Achillea spp. A. millefolium L. contains achilleine, amorphous hydrolysed to achUletine, CnHj,04N, also amorphous, ammonia and a reducing sugar. A. moschata contains achilleine and moschatine, CjiHjjOjN, an ill-defined gluco-alkaloid.2 ((1) Zanon, Annalen, 1846, 58, 21. (2) von Planta, ibid., 1870,... 

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