Sugars extrinsic

PerioGard Chlorhexidine 0.12 Interferes with sugar transport Hi P Extrinsic tooth staining 3" CD... 

Turquois, T., Rinaudo, M., Taravel, F. R., Heyraud, A. (1999). Extraction of highly gelling pectic substances from sugar beet pulp and potato pulp influence of extrinsic parameters on their gelling properties. Food Hydrocolloids, 13,255-262. 

Fig. 2.19 Diagram of the plasma membrane showing its integral proteins (fluid mosaic model) (adapted from S.J. Singer et af, 1972 and H. Knufermann, 1976). 1 external aqueous milieu, 2 internal aqueous milieu, 3 fracture plane of the apolar membrane layer, 4 externally orientated intrinsic protein (ectoprotein), 5 internally orientated intrinsic protein (endoprotein), 6 external extrinsic protein, 7 internal intrinsic protein, 8, 9 membrane-penetrating proteins with hydrophobic interactions in the inside of the membrane (P = polar region), 10 membrane pervaded by glycoprotein with sugar residues (, 11 lateral diffusion (A) and flip-flop (B), 12 hydrophilic region (A) and hydrophobic region (B) of the bilayer membrane...

Although the concentration of sugars will ultimately define the maximum aud miu-imum parameters of any equation that attempts to model this fermentation behaviour, the shape will be iuflueuced by the aforemeutioned intrinsic and extrinsic parameters. Novel research on how both extrinsic and intrinsic parameters affect fermentation is completed at many notable institutions, as discussed by other researchers mentioned in this text. 

These lipid bilayers are not very permeable towards a variety of molecules. Nevertheless, for cell metabolism and growth to occur, molecules such as sugars and amino acids must enter the ceil. Specific transport of this type is accomplished by proteins which are incorporated within the bilayer membrane. The protein serves as a carrier and the tjrpe of transport can be defined as carrier-mediated transport. The cell membrane consists of two main components the lipid bilayer which is the backbone, whereas the proteins take care of the specific transport functions. Some of the proteins are located on the outside of the lipid bilayer (the extrinsic proteins), whereas other proteins (the intrinsic proteins), completely penetrate through the lipid bilayer. The intrinsic proteins especially... 

Sugars that are in free solution in foods, and therefore provide a substrate for oral bacteria, leading to the formation of dental plaque and caries. These are known as extrinsic sugars. As discussed in section 7.3.3.1, it is considered desirable to reduce the consumption of extrinsic sugars because excessive amounts are associated with dental decay as well as obesity (section 6.3) and possibly also an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus (section 10.7). 

A complication in the classification of sugars as intrinsic (which are considered desirable in the diet) and extrinsic (which are considered undesirable in the diet) is that lactose (section 4.2.1.3) occurs in free solution in milk, and hence is an extrinsic sugar. However, lactose is not a cause of dental decay, and milk is an important source of calcium (section 11.15.1), protein (see Chapter 9) and vitamin (section 11.7). It is not considered desirable to reduce intakes of milk, which is the only significant source of lactose, and extrinsic sugars are further subdivided into milk sugar and nonmilk extrinsic sugars. 

Dental decay. Although many sugars in free solution (extrinsic sugars section 4.2.1) will promote the growth of oral bacteria that produce acids and cause dental decay, sucrose is especially undesirable, as it specifically promotes the growth of plaque-forming bacteria that coat the teeth. 

Chakraborty, R. Berglund, K. A. Steady state fluorescence spectroscopy of pyranine as a trace extrinsic probe to study structure in aqueous sugar solutions. J. Cryst. Growth 1992,125, 81-96. 

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