Sugar, beet muscle

Saccharides are present in food raw materials in quantities ranging from about 1% in meats and fish, to about 4.5% in milk, 18% in potatoes, and 15-20% in sugar beets, to about 70% in cereal grains. Polysaccharides participate in the formation of structures in plants. They are also stored in plants as starch and in muscles as glycogen. Other saccharides are dissolved in tissue fluids or perform different biological functions in free nucleotides, as components of nucleic acids, or bound to proteins and lipids. 

First, a slice of the animal or plant tissue is cut. This is inserted between two semi-permeable membranes which are then attached to the transducer. The transducer is generally a p02, pCX>2 or pNHs electrode which already has its own gas-permeable hydrophobic membrane [17]. The animal tissue may be rabbit or bovine liver, rabbit muscle or intestinal mucosa. Cell components can even be used, for example, mitochondria. These organelles make the biosensor more selective because they contain more specific enzymes. A glutamine-sensitive biosensor was thus constructed by inmnobiliang mitochondria firom pig kidney cells on a dialysis membrane. Plant tissue can also be immobilized on the sensitive element of an electrode uring mechanical retention. Tissue from sugar beet [87], yellow squash, com kernels, and cucumber [88] and spinach [89] leaves have been immobilized in this way. 

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