Subject major elements

A better understanding of rainfall variability and its mechanisms in Amazonia requires a clear documentation of the major elements of the warm season precipitation regime, within the context of the annual cycle, and longer time scale variations such as interannual and interdecadal. Rainfall variability in Amazonia has been the subject of several studies regarding physical causes, seasonal variations, and links to the Southern Oscillation (SO), and to SST conditions in the tropical Atlantic (see reviews in Ropelewski... 

Stand both natural and anthropogenic sediments. Conventional soil analysis techniques include a mixture of subjective field designations combined with relatively simple quantitative laboratory tests for important major elements such as carbon, calcium, nitrogen, phosphorus, aluminum, and iron (J,2). 

The coefficients of variation determined among the cores for the major element oxides are generally very low (Table IV) and in many cases almost at the level of analytic uncertainty. Two exceptions to this are CaO and P2O5 which are associated with carbonate minerals and phosphate nodules. These are not part of the primary lithologies of the shale and are subject to being either locally abundant or absent. 

Trace Metal Affinites. Trace-element and major-element associations in the oil shales have been a subject of two studies (19-20). In general, the trace elements can be divided into three groups those which have an affinity for carbon (Cu, Cr, Ni, V),... 

In geology, rare elements (REs) are defined as the elements whose contents in the earth are low, or have difficulty in forming signal mineral in nature although their total amount in the earth is very huge (Zhao and Yan, 1994). The major elements in the various environment matrixes are one of the most important subjects in the environment sciences. 

The method used to develop the emission inventory does have some elements of error, but the other two alternatives are expensive and subject to their own errors. The first alternative would be to monitor continually every major source in the area. The second method would be to monitor continually the pollutants in the ambient air at many points and apply appropriate diffusion equations to calculate the emissions. In practice, the most informative system would be a combination of all three, knowledgeably applied. 

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