Subject index thermal analysis

Finally, one can also measure the mass. This technique has been called thermogravimetry and is treated in Chapter 7. Several more complicated thermal analysis techniques are mentioned from time to time in this book, but are not described in detail because they involve extensive, additional specialization. A listing of these techniques can be obtained from the Subject Index under "thermal analysis techniques." Of particular interest are the many thermal analysis techniques that involve the addition of time and temperature... 

XRD was performed on the compaction surface, cross section and crushed powder of the specimen. The XRD profiles shown in Fig. 14.15(b) reveal the (200) reflection that does not appear in the pristine Cgo phase. The relatively strong intensity of the (220) reflection may be due to the <110> preferred orientation along the compact direction, probably caused by the (111) <110> slip system that allows considerable deformation of the Cgo crystals. The XRD chart in Fig. 14.15(b) indicates that the matrix phase can be indexed as the fee structure with a lattice constant a = 1.31 nm. The lattice constant decreases by approximately 8% relative to that of the pristine Cgo (a = 1.42 nm) and is approximately equal to the minimum value (a 1.32nm) reported by Takahashi et al. In this specimen, an endothermic peak at approximately 563 K has been confirmed by differential thermal analysis. These results suggest that the h-Cgo phase, a Cgo phase that is subjected to high pressure, can be regarded as a polymerised Cgo phase. 

Ionic liquids are a class of solvents and they are the subject of keen research interest in chemistry (Freemantle, 1998). Hydrophobic ionic liquids with low melting points (from -30°C to ambient temperature) have been synthesized and investigated, based on 1,3-dialkyl imidazolium cations and hydrophobic anions. Other imidazolium molten salts with hydrophilic anions and thus water-soluble are also of interest. NMR and elemental analysis have characterized the molten salts. Their density, melting point, viscosity, conductivity, refractive index, electrochemical window, thermal stability, and miscibility with water and organic solvents were determined. The influence of the alkyl substituents in 1,2, 3, and 4(5)-positions on the imidazolium cation on these properties has been scrutinized. Viscosities as low as 35 cP (for l-ethyl-3-methylimi-dazolium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (bis(triflyl)amide) and trifluoroacetate) and conductivities as high as 9.6 mS/cm were obtained. Photophysical probe studies were carried out to establish more precisely the solvent properties of l-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide. The hydrophobic molten salts are promising solvents for electrochemical, photovoltaic, and synthetic applications (Bon-hote et al., 1996). 

ABSTRACT Any human activity is influenced by the working environment in which it is developed. The opinion of employees is, nowadays, an important factor to consider because their perception may be related to their behavior. The satisfaction of all individuals housed in a thermal environment is an almost impossible task because a thermally comfortable environment for one person may be uncomfortable for another. Therefore, it would be ideal to create a thermal environment that satisfied the largest number of workers. As such, the evaluation of thermal comfort implies a certain degree of subjectivity and requires the analysis of two aspects physical (thermal environment) and subjective (state of mind of the individual). This study aims to analyze the pattern of thermal sensation of a packaging section of quick-frozen desalted codfish, discover the location of the most vulnerable workstations to thermal stress and assess the real thermal sensation of workers. The data were collected using a measurement instrument named Center 317—temperature humidity meter . For the analysis of thermal sensation the follow indexes were applied Temperature Humidity Index (THI), Thermal Comfort Scale (EsConTer) and Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD). A set of standards were created for each variable and the results obtained indicate the most vulnerable workstations. Intervention strategies were considered. 

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