Structure-photophysical property relationships

Based on the preliminary understanding of ICT mechanism of coumarin core skeleton, the first systematic application of combinatorial approach toward the field of fluorescence chemistry was reported by Bauerle and co-workers in 2001 [44]. In their study, the structure-photophysical property relationships (SPR) of coumarin fluorophore were revealed by means of a combinatorial approach. 

Fig. 3 Structure-photophysical property relationship of coumarin derivatives, (a) Schematic representation of the correlation between electronic effect of substituents at the C-3 and C-7 position and photophysical properties (b) Structure and their emission maxima of various coumarins...

The resulting coumarin derivatives were isolated with >99% purity using the automated LC/MS purification system. Although there were neither rational explanation nor deduced structure-photophysical property relationships, this study successfully demonstrated the application of a combinatorial approach for the development of novel fluorescent compounds. The systematic transformation of... 

One of the interesting features in the structure-photophysical property relationship of fluorescein is that the quantum yield of fluorescein increases under the basic condition. Therefore, many of fluorescein derivatives have been used as pH sensors to measure intracellular pH due to their pH-responding photophysical property [53]. Although fluorescein itself is slightly fluorescent in alcoholic solutions, the addition of alkali (pH > 8) to the fluorescein solution produces the very intense fluorescent alkali salt. The salt form of fluorescein... 

Fig. 8 Structure-photophysical properties relationship of fluorescein derivatives. Measured in 0.1 N NaOH(aq). bOxidation potential of corresponding benzene moiety, obtained in acetonitrile containing 0.1 M TBAP. °HOMO energy level of the corresponding benzene moiety, calculated with B3LYP/6-31G(d)//B3LYP/6-31G(d) by Gaussian 98 W...

Fig. 9 Structure-photophysical properties relationship of benzannulated fluorescein derivatives...

Fig. 13 Structure-photophysical property relationship at the C-l and C-7 position of BODIPY derivatives...

The tunability on emission wavelength of cyanine derivatives is based on the understanding of structure-photophysical property relationships, which allows the development of near-IR fluorophores [80, 84—87]. Enhancement of the rigidity in... 

Fig. 20 Structure-photophysical property relationship of cyanine derivatives...

Thus far, only several fluorescent scaffolds have been studied by the diversity-oriented approach and broader chemical space could be achieved for introducing higher diversity. Even more, there are other fluorescent dye scaffolds remain untouched yet. As more fluorescent compounds are synthesized systematically, richer information for structure-photophysical property relationships should be available, which in turn could help for the designing of target-specific fluorescence sensors. 

In a recent evaluation of this phenomenon, the whiteness indices given by eleven individual brighteners on polyester were compared with those of their binary mixtures in various ratios. In many cases the whiteness performance of a mixture was markedly superior to that shown by the individual components [57]. A more specific investigation was confined to a series of benzoxazole FBAs. Their fluorescence spectra and fluorescence lifetimes were determined individually and in mixtures. The relationships between molecular structure and photophysical properties were discussed [58]. 

Applications of conjugated polymers-NCs hybrids in various (opto-)electronic devices and sensors require a deeper understanding of the relationship between their chemical and photophysical properties and their structure at different levels from the molecular to the bulk material. This requires the use of complementary methods... 

Although the structural differences between the water/CClq and water/DCE interfaces are not so large, the chemical and/or physical nature of the organic phase itself reflects on the photophysical properties of a probe molecule, indicating the novelty of the present experimental approaches. Systematic investigations are important to reveal factors governing structural and physical characteristics of water/oil interfaces. Therefore, we introduced fluorescence dynamic anisotropy and excitation energy transfer measurements to other water/oil interfacial systems the data are summarized in Table 12.3. The results are discussed in terms of the relationship between the interfacial stracture and the polarity at the water/oil interfaces (Section 12.6). 

Photophysics of Metal Chalcogen Clusters Structure-Property Relationships... 

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