Structure catalytic mechanism

Armstrong NR. Structure, catalytic mechanism and evolution of the glutathione transferases. Chem Res Toxicol 1997 10 2. 

Tesmer, J. J., and Sprang, S. R. (1998). The structure, catalytic mechanism and regulation of adenylyl cyclase. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 8, 713-719. 

Ke H, Wang H (2006) Structure, catalytic mechanism, and inhibitor selectivity of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases. In Beavo JA, Francis SH, Houslay MD (eds) Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases in health and disease. CRC, Boca Raton, FL... 

Tishkov, V. I. and Khoronenkova, S. V., "D-Amino acid oxidase structure, catalytic mechanism, and practical application." Translated from Biokhimiya, 70, 51-67 (2005). 

In summary, structural studies of Ras and Gq with GTP-yS and a transition state analog have illuminated the catalytic mechanism of their GTPase activity, as well as the mechanism by which GTP hydrolysis is stimulated by GAP and RGS. In addition, these structural studies have shown how tumor-causing mutations affect the function of Ras and Gq. 

Uncovering of the three dimentional structure of catalytic groups at the active site of an enzyme allows to theorize the catalytic mechanism, and the theory accelerates the designing of model systems. Examples of such enzymes are zinc ion containing carboxypeptidase A 1-5) and carbonic anhydrase6-11. There are many other zinc enzymes with a variety of catalytic functions. For example, alcohol dehydrogenase is also a zinc enzyme and the subject of intensive model studies. However, the topics of this review will be confined to the model studies of the former hydrolytic metallo-enzymes. 

Amaya ME, Watts AG, Damager 1, Wehenkel A, Nguyen T, Buschiazzo A, Paris G, Frasch AC, Withers SG, Alzari PM (2004) Structural insights into the catalytic mechanism of Trypanosoma cmzi tran.s-sialidase. Structure 12 775-784... 

Although the crystal structure of CODH or CODH/ACS has not yet been solved, a great deal of work has been done on these enzymes and plausible catalytic mechanisms have been proposed. Concerted action between the Ni ion and one of the Fe centers of a 4Fe-4S cluster are thought to elicit the formation of CO2 from CO. But perhaps the most extraordinary reaction is the one catalyzed by Cluster A the insertion of CO to a Ni-CHs complex. Through the two reactions catalyzed by CODH/ACS, the highly toxic, CO is not only removed, but is used as a source of carbon and electrons. 

Messerschmidt A, L Prade, R Wever (1997) Implications for the catalytic mechanism of the vanadium-containing enzyme chloroperoxodase from the fungus Curvularia inaequalis hy X-ray structures of the native and peroxide form. Biol Chem 378 309-315. 

Rink R, M Eennema, M Smids, U Dehmel, DB Janssen (1997) Primary structure and catalytic mechanism of the epoxide hydrolase from Agrobacterium radiobacter ADI. J Biol Chem 272 14650-14657. 

As corroborated by deuterium labeling studies, the catalytic mechanism likely involves oxidative dimerization of acetylene to form a rhodacyclopen-tadiene [113] followed by carbonyl insertion [114,115]. Protonolytic cleavage of the resulting oxarhodacycloheptadiene by the Bronsted acid co-catalyst gives rise to a vinyl rhodium carboxylate, which upon hydrogenolysis through a six-centered transition structure and subsequent C - H reductive elimina-... 

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