Structure and Characterization of LB Films

Deposited Langmuir-Blodgett films take on many of the same stmctures as the Langmuir monolayers discussed in Section IV-4C, and they are often compared to the self-assembling monolayers described in Section XI-IB. The area 

Deposited monolayers of such RX-type compounds as fatty acids and amines can be extremely tenaciously held, as evident for example, in frictional wear experiments (see Section XII-7) and in their stability against evaporation under 

Chemical properties of deposited monolayers have been studied in various ways. The degree of ionization of a substituted coumarin film deposited on quartz was determined as a function of the pH of a solution in contact with the film, from which comparison with Gouy-Chapman theory (see Section V-2) could be made [151]. Several studies have been made of the UV-induced polymerization of monolayers (as well as of multilayers) of diacetylene amphiphiles (see Refs. 168, 169). Excitation energy transfer has been observed in a mixed monolayer of donor and acceptor molecules in stearic acid [170]. Electrical properties have been of interest, particularly the possibility that a suitably asymmetric film might be a unidirectional conductor, that is, a rectifier (see Refs. 171, 172). Optical properties of interest include the ability to make planar optical waveguides of thick LB films [173, 174]. 

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