Strickland

Triethylenetetramine (TRIEN, TETA, trientine) [112-24-3] M 146.2, m 12°, b 157°/20mm, d 0.971, n 1.497, pK 3.32, pKj 6.67, pKj 9.20, pK 9.92. Dried with sodium, then distd under vac. Further purification has been via the nitrate or the chloride. For example, Jonassen and Strickland [J Am Chem Soc 80 312 1958] separated TRIEN from admixture with TREN (38%) by soln in EtOH, cooling to approximately 5° in an ice-bath and adding cone HCl dropwise from a burette, keeping the temperature below 10°, until all of the white crystalline ppte of TREN.HCl had formed and been removed. Further addition of HCl then ppted thick creamy white TRIEN.HCl which was crystd several times from hot water by adding an excess of cold EtOH. The crystals were finally washed with Me2CO, then Et20 and dried in a vacuum desiccator. 

Strickland-Constable, R.F., 1979. Journal of the Chemical Society Faraday Transaction, I, 75, 921. 

Herz J, Strickland DK (2001) LRP a multifunctional scavenger and signaling receptor. J Clin Invest 108 779-784... 

For reviews, see Hoffmann, R.W. Niel, G. Schlapbach, A. Pure Appl. Chem., 1990, 62 1993 Pelter, A. Smith, K. Brown, H.C. Borane Reagents Academic Press NY, 1988, p 310. For a review of allylic boranes, see Bubnov, Yu.N. Pure Appl. Chem., 1987, 21, 89, For an example that proceeds with asymmetric induction, see Buynak, J.D. Geng, B Uang, S. Strickland, J.B. Tetrahedron Lett., 1994, 35, 985. 

Clewlow, L. and Strickland, C., Implementing Derivatives Models, Wiley, New York, 1998. 

Foley, R. 1993 The influence of seasonality on hominid evolution. In Ulejaszek, S.J. and Strickland, S.S., eds.. Seasonality and Human Ecology. Cambridge University Press 17-37. 

It is usually believed that the growth of dendritic crystals is controlled by a bulk diffusion-controlled process which is defined as a process controlled by a transportation of solute species by diffusion from the bulk of aqueous solution to the growing crystals (e.g., Strickland-Constable, 1968 Liu et al., 1976). The appearances of feather- and star-like dendritic shapes indicate that the concentrations of pertinent species (e.g., Ba +, SO ) in the solution are highest at the corners of crystals. The rectangular (orthorhombic) crystal forms are generated where the concentrations of solute species are approximately the same for all surfaces but it cannot be homogeneous when the consumption rate of solute is faster than the supply rate by diffusion (Nielsen, 1958). 

Observation of effects. Seven to 14 days after exposure to test compounds, length, number of leaves and presence of stomata in sprouted winterbuds were determined. FOr sago pondweed tubers, length, number of new daughter plants and presence of roots were determined. Hydrilla explants were evaluated for number of and length of new shoots. In some experiments the chlorophyll-a content of the apical 2 cm on apical explants was determined by 3 successive extractions in 90% acetone using a power-driven Teflon pestle. Absorbance of Millipore-filtered (.45p ) acetone extracts was determined at 6 30, 6 45, 6 6 5 nm on a spectrophotometer. Chlorophyll-a was calculated by equations of Strickland and Parsons (8). 

Strickland, T., Myers, H. and Lahey, B., Cardiovascular reactivity with caffeine and stress in black and white normotensive females. Psychosomatic Medicine 51, 381-389, 1989. 

Caucasians (Okpaku et al, 2005 Strickland etal, 1995). Presumably this difference is a result of the tendency of African Americans to retain sodium. Sodium retention offered a selective survival advantage for slaves bought to America over the middle passage since hyponatremia was believed the major cause of mortality (Hildreth 8c Saunders, 1991). 

The clinical significance of this ethnic difference for psychiatry was found later. A study examining lithium tolerability found more side effects in African American patients with high RBC/plasma ratio even when the lithium levels were in the therapeutic range (Strickland etal., 1995). It is not known whether African Americans require lower doses and will respond with lower plasma levels. We do know that African Americans with mood disorders are less likely to be prescribed lithium either as primary treatment or adjunctive therapy (Valenstein etal., 2006 Kilbourne 8c Pincus, 2006). It is unknown as to whether the lack of tolerability at usual therapeutic doses is a factor. 

Strickland, T. L., Lin, K. M., Fu, P., Anderson, D. et al. (1995). Comparison of lithium ratio between African-American and Caucasian bipolar patients. Biol. Psychiatry, 37, 325-30. 

WA Strickland, Jr., M Moss. Water vapor sorption and diffusion through hard gelatin capsules. J Pharm Sci 51 1002-1005, 1962. 

Vassalli, J. D., Huarte, J., Belin, D., Gubler, P., Vassalli, A., O Connell, M. L., Parton, L. A., Rickies, R. J., and Strickland, S. (1989). Regulated polyadenylation controls mRNA translation during meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes. Genes Dev. 3 2163-2171. 

Strickland, J.R. (ed) Chemical Economics Handbook, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park. 

---