Stress magnesium deficiency

Stress seems to affect suberization. Salt stress due to mineral deficiencies can result in changes in suberization. For example, magnesium deficiency caused the hypodermis (Fig. 6.4.3) and endodermis of Zea mays roots to have more heavily suberized cell walls (372), whereas iron deficiency in Phaseolus vulgaris led to a drastic decrease in suberin deposition in the roots (412). Mechanical stress in the form of physical impedance to root growth caused increased suberization in the walls of endodermal cells of Hordeum vulgare roots (497). 

The reaction catalyzed by delta-6-desaturase enzyme is the slowest reaction in the metabolic pathway of LA and is considered as a rate-limiting step (4, 5). Activity of this enzyme further decreases with age and in people suffering from various diseases, including arthritis, diabetes, hypertension, eczema, psoriasis, and so on. Lifestyle factors like stress, smoking, excessive consumption of alcohol, linoleic acid (6), saturated and trans-fatty acids and nutritional deficiencies of Vitamin B6, zinc (7), and magnesium inhibit this desaturase. As a result of limitations in in vivo production of GLA, supplementation with preformed GLA is becoming important. This has led to interest in development and commercialization of the sources of GLA. 

Vitamins, minerals, and electrolytes— Studies have shown that during moderate to severe stresses, more zinc, copper, magnesium, and calcium are lost in the urine. Furthermore, stress results in altered blood levels of vitamins A and C, and of zinc and iron. Also, part of the response to stress includes water and sodium retention, via veisopressin and aldosterone secretion. As for the water-soluble vitamins—thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine (B-6), pantothenic acid, folic acid, and vitamin C stress increases their requirement. However, no dietary recommendations are made for these nutrients for individuals under stressful situations. Still, it seems wise to supply some supplementation before deficiency symptoms appear. 

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