Streptomyces chrysomallus

Actinomycin D] Streptomyces chrysomallus (fungus) Variously apoptotic ... 

Actinomycin D] Streptomyces chrysomallus (fungus) complex promotes TOPil-mediated DNA cutting cytotoxic] DNA (intercalation), DNAS,... 

The changes in the spectrum of DNA from Streptomyces chrysomallus (72 mole % guanine plus cytosine) after interaction with Cu(II) are very similar to the observed changes in the nucleoside spectra (Fig. 12.27). New bands at 1518 and 1551 cm" indicate that the cytosine bases of DNA interact with Cu(ll), and the band at 1590 " indicates the interaction of guanine bases of DNA with Cu(ll). 

Fig. 12.27. Comparison between the infrared spectra of a 1 1 mixture of dG and dC and of DNA from Streptomyces chrysomallus (72 mole % GC) with and without addition of copper(II). Curve I DjO solution containing 0.0075M dG and 0.0075M dC. Curve II the same solution, but a 20-fold excess of CUSO4 is added. Curve III film of DNA in a D2O atmosphere. Curve IV film of DNA-copper complex under the same conditions. The distance between the index lines on the ordinate corresponds to a change of absorbance of 4% for curves I and II and to a change of absorbance of 20% for curves III and IV. (Fritzsche and Zimmer, 1968.)...

Kellei U. Schlumbohm W. Purification and characterization of actinomycin synthetase I. a 4-methyl-3-hydroxv-anthraniilic acid-AMP ligase from Streptomyces chrysomallus. J Biol Chem 1992,267 11745-11752. 

Grammel, N. Molekulargenetische und biochemische analyze der biosynthese von 2-methyl-4-carboxy-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin und seinem 5-hydroxyderivat, zwei salzstrepinduzierbaren osmolyten in Streptomyces chrysomallus. Technische Univer-sitat Berlin Berlin, Germany, 2000. 

Katz, E., C. R. Waldron, and M. L. Meloni Role of valine and isoleucine as regulators of actinomycin peptide formation by Streptomyces chrysomallus. J. Bacteriol. 82, 600 (1961). 

Fawaz F, Jones CH. Actinomycin synthesis in Streptomyces ontibiotinu Purification and properties of hydroxYanthranilate-4 mechylcransfetase. ] Biol Chem 1988 263 4602-4606. Jones GH. Combined purification of actinomycin synthetase I and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid 4-methylttansferase from Streptamyces aruibi rmcus. ] Biol Chem 1993 268 6831-6834. Keller U, Schlumbohm W. Purification and characterization of actinomycin synthetase I. a 4 methy -3-hydroxyanthranilic acid AMP ligase from Streptomjees chrysomallus. J Biol Chem 1992 267 11745-11752. 

Waksmar. and Tishler found that a bright red antibiotic, which they named actinomycin, was produced by Streptomyces antibioticus. Subsequent work showed that a considerable number of different actinomycins are produced by 5. antibioticus and S. chrysomallus. Different systems of nomenclature have been used with reference to these compounds. In one employed by Brockmann the actinomycins are described by capital letters and subscripts e.g. C3). The one used here is that suggested by Waksman, Katz and Vining 9 in which each actinomycin is assigned a roman numeral. Actinomycins I to V are produced by S. antibioticus and actinomycins IV, VI and VII byS. chrysomallus. 

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