Streptococcus mutans strains

Catechins have been also proved to inhibit Streptococcus mutans strains they were suggested to be useful in oral infections, such as dental caries and periodontal disease. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, epicatechin, and proanthocyanidins have been also described to interfere with HIV at multiple target sites [120,121]. 

Hillman JD, Andrews SW and Dzuback AL (1987) Acetoin production by wild-type strains and a lactate dehydrogenase-deficient mutant of Streptococcus mutans. Infect Immun 55, 1399-1402. 

An examination of insoluble a-D-glucans produced by strains of Streptococcus mutans, S. salivarius, and S. sanguis, and D-glucosyltransferases... 

Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Leuconostoc ssp. are found in fermented foods of plant origin [11]. The occurrence of these bacteria in sugar refineries is responsible for problems in filtration processes because of increased viscosity by the presence of soluble dextran [12,13]. Furthermore, dextran retards the rate of crystallisation of sucrose and adversely affects the crystal shape. The occurrence of dextran in the matrix of dental plaque results from certain Streptococcus strains [14]. The principle organism, Streptococcus mutans, is able to produce water-soluble glucan (named dextran) and water-insoluble... 

Polysaccharides that exclusively contain D-fructose are known as fructans and there are two known kinds, inulin and levan. Inulin is a polysaccharide containing -D-fructofuranose linked (2 1) [118]. Inulins are found in the roots and tubers of the family of plants known as the Compositae, which includes asters, dandelions, dahlias, cosmos, burdock, goldenrod, chicory, lettuce, and Jerusalem artichokes. Other sources are from the Liliacae family, which includes lily bulbs, onion, hyacinth, and tulip bulbs. Inulins are also produced by certain species of algae [119]. Several bacterial strains of Streptococcus mutans also produce an extracellular inulin from sucrose [120]. 

Gibbons RJ, Cohen L, Hay DI Strains of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus attach to different pellicle receptors. Infect Immun 1986 52 555-561. 

Most streptocci that elaborate dextransucrases appear to secrete the enzyme(s) exocellularly, although some strains of Streptococcus mutans also elaborate structure-bound forms of the enzyme. The structure-bound enzyme activities of S. mutans may be situated at several points on the outer smface of the cell wall." Evidence has also been presented that suggests that the proportions of the structure-bound and secreted forms of the enzyme produced by individual streptococci may drange with repeated subculturing of the bacteria." Similar changes have not been detected in Leuconostoc strains. ... 

The water-soluble dextrans produced by a strain of Streptococcus mutans have been fractionated by gel chromatography into three types having different molecular sizes, chemical structures, and serological properties. One of the fractions and a water-insoluble dextran, also synthesized by the organism, appear to represent different physical states of an inherently identical D-glucan. 

Polysaccharides.— Thc production of extracellular a-D-glucans by Streptococcus species and their role in the development of dental caries continues to be examined. A mutant of Streptococcus mutans, which synthesizes from sucrose a different extracellular polysaccharide from that synthesized by the parent strain. 

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