Streamline-tracking technique

Flow of Suspended Particles. Small particles suspended in the combustible stream have been used for the study of Bunsen flames. Andersen and Fein 2P) use strobo-scopically illuminated particle tracks for the determination of normal burning velocities and flame temperatures. Flame studies using similar techniques are reported by Fristrom, Avery, Prescott, and Mattuck (3P). Wolfhard and Parker 10P) have made temperature measurements of flames containing incandescent particles. The acceleration of flow through a flame front causes particles greater than about 2 microns to lag. Thus, the particles may not follow the flow streamlines. Gilbert, Davis, and Altman (4P) discuss the corrections which must be applied to obtain accurate results. 

HT-solubility/permeability First, solubility is determined at four pH values by comparing the concentration of a saturated compound solution with its dilute, known as the concentration. The filtered, saturated solution from the solubility assay is then used as input material for the membrane permeability determination. The permeability assay is a parallel artificial membrane technique whereby a membrane is created on a solid support, PAMPA. The two artificial membranes presented here model the GIT and the BBB. Data are presented for control compounds, which are well documented in the literature and exemplify a range of solubility and membrane permeability. The advantages of the combination method are (/) reduction of sample usage and preparation time, ( /) elimination of interference from compound precipitation in membrane permeability determination, Hi) maximization of input concentration to permeability assay for improved reproducibility, and (/v) optimization of sample tracking by streamlining data entry and calculations. BBB permeability ranking of compounds correlates well with literature CNS activity. 

The main outputs of flow modeling are flow visualizations, to illustrate the process mechanism and to compare with experimental marker techniques (section 10.3.7, Experimental Row Validation ). These include streamlines, particle tracks, velocity maps, and strain-rate contour plots. Elow models can also be validated... 

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