Storing as Chemical Energy

In one process, mirrors concentrate the Sun s rays on zinc oxide and vaporize it at a temperature of 1,200°C. The vaporized zinc is later recondensed into a powder. This zinc can then be transported, and when reacted with water vapor, produce hydrogen fuel while using the 02 from the water to recombine the zinc back into zinc oxide. 

A pilot plant jointly funded by the EU, the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), and the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology of Zurich (ETHZ) has successfully demonstrated this process in a 300 kW pilot plant at the Weizmann Institute of Science (WIS) in Rehovot, near Tel Aviv, Israel. The plant has produced 45 kg of zinc per hour. This method of solar energy storage is not yet commercially available. 

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In this process, the radiant energy of sunlight is stored as chemical energy in the molecules of carbohydrates and other compounds that are derived from them. 

The problem is to find a flexible intermediate, produced in large blocks in which nuclear heat can be stored as chemical energy and distributed through the usual channels... . ... 

It is well known that the energy released during the flow of electrons is often utilized to synthesize ATP (electrical energy is stored as chemical energy). The electronic conduction in photosynthetic systems is induced by light energy while the latter electronic conduction is purely due to chemical reaction. Both systems contain redox reaction systems that act when the electrical potential across the membrane is observed. 

Respiration is a process in which chemical reactions oxidize lipids and carbohydrates to carbon dioxide and water to produce energy, while the organelle responsible for aerobic respiration known as mitochondria. Part of the released energy is stored as chemical energy adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and part is lost as heat. This complex process can be influenced by several intrinsic factors such as product size, variety, maturity, type of tissue and extrinsic factors such as temperature, concentration of O2 and CO2 and mechanical damage (Day, 1993). 

Photoelectrolytic cells (Optical energy stored as chemical energy in endorgic reactions e.g. H2O —> H2 -I-1/2 O2)... 

Photoelectrolysis Cells [Optical Energy Stored as Chemical Energy in Endoergic Reactions]... 

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