Stomoxys calcitrans Flies

A large series of cuticular hydrocarbons extracted from the female stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, is reported to function as a sex pheromone (47). (Z)-9-Hentriacontene, (Q-9-tritriacontene, and methyl-branched hentria- and tritriacontenes possessed activity as sexual releasers. In addition, mono- and dimethyl-substituted hentria- and tritriacontanes were also demonstrated to induce mating-strike behavior in male flies. However, these compounds may actually function as psychedelics, as does (Z)-9-tricosene for the housefly (45). 

Turell, M.J., Knudson, G.B. (1987). Mechanical transmission of Bacillus anthracis by stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans) and mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti and Aedes taeniorhynchus). Infect. Immun. 55 1859-61. 

Other flies Stomoxys calcitrans, Hydrotaea irritans, Musca autumnalis, Musca... 

Dose-response curves for the stable fly As a real-life example, we can use an experiment done by myself as part of my master s thesis in 1962 (Stenersen and Somme, 1963). The stable fly (.Stomoxys calcitrans) is an important insect pest in husbandry. In the Nordic countries it is an indoor pest, present as many small, partially isolated populations. From 1950 to 1965 it was controlled with DDT, but resistance soon became a problem. A strain (R) of stable fly resistant to the DDT and related insecticides such as DDD and methoxychlor was compared with a sensitive (S) strain. Males from the R strain were then crossed with females from the S strain and the offspring (FI of S x R) were tested. They were as sensitive as the S strain. The FI flies were allowed to interbreed and the... 

Stenersen, J. and Somme, L. 1963. Notes on cross-resistance and genetics of resistance to the DDT-group insecticides in the stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans). Norsk Entomol. Tidsskrift., 12, 113-117. 

Jeanbourquin, P. and P. M. Guerin, Chemostimuli implicated in selection of oviposition substrates by the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans. MedVet Entomol, 2007. 21(3) 209-216. 

J. J. Zhu, Contact and spatial repellency from catnip essential oil, Nepeta cataria, against stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, and other filth flies, In Recent Developmems in Invertebrate Repellents, G. E. Paluch and J. R. Coats, eds., ACS, Washington, DC, pp. 79-96, 2011. 

The K D module system was modified in a different way by Zhu - for use with stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (Linnaeus) and house flies, Musca domestica (Linnaeus). Three to five flies were placed in each cell of the module. Rather than using wells containing liquid, squares cut from a feminine hygiene pad were soaked either in citrated bovine blood for stable flies or in a red-dyed sugar solution for house flies, topically coated with the compound of interest, and were placed in the module wells. Tests were run for 4 hours. The dependent variables measured were whether individual flies fed (assayed by squashing the abdomens of the flies), time to knock down (flies lying on the floor of the box, unable to fly and abdomen up), and time to death (flies considered dead did not move when prodded with a thin wooden stick). 

J. J. Zhu, A. Y. Li, S. Pritchard, K. Tangtrakulwanich, F. P. Baxendale, and G. Brewer, Contact and fumigant toxicity of a botanical-based feeding deterrent of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera Muscidae), J. Agric. Eood Chem., 59 10394—10400, 2011. 

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