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Stockpiled tyres

As a result of stockpile abatement programmes, the number of stockpiled tyres in the USA has decreased from 700 or 800 million in 1994 to approximately 300 million at the end... [Pg.478]

Outdoor tyre stockpiles also represent a breeding ground for insects and rodents. Rainwater collects in the open space of the impermeable tyres, and, together with trapped windblown pollen and dust, creates an ideal environment for the development of mosquito larvae. The warm, dark recesses of the tyres also provide a supportive environment for rodent habitation. Both rodents and mosquitoes pose a potential threat to human health due to their ability to transmit various diseases (Ohio Air Quality Development Authority 1991). [Pg.478]

Several approaches have been made to reduce the number of landfilled, stockpiled, or illegally dumped tyres. Markets now exist for about 78% of all waste tyres (Fig. 3a), up from 34.5% in 1990 (Blumenthal 1993). These markets continue to grow due to innovative approaches, which include improvements in design and material to increase the lifetime of a tyre, as well as various alternatives to tyre disposal (Table 2). [Pg.479]

The most obvious advantage to using tyres as a fuel source is the partial alleviation of many of the environmental problems associated with traditional disposal of scrap tyres in stockpiles and landfills. The eradication of tyre piles and landfill waste will reduce many of the risks to human health linked to the buildup of tyre waste. The removal of outdoor tyre stockpiles provides great aesthetic benefits as well. [Pg.495]

Hohenstein and Mark [4] reviewed the early development of emulsion and suspension polymerization. Talalay and Magat [5] described work in the former USSR in detail. Dunbrook [6] described how the production of synthetic rubber was organized in the USA during the Second World War. Already in 1933 General nre Rubber had tested Buna S for tyre production, but found it inferior to natural rubber. Nevertheless German production increased from 300 tons per year in 1935 to 5000 tons per year in 1937 in pursuance of the aim of making the country independent of imported raw materials. The oil resistant butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer Buna N created more interest in the USA and a pilot plant was in operation by the end of 1939. The US government established the Office of the Rubber Reserve in May 1940 primarily to create a stockpile of natural rubber, but the constmction of four plants with a total capacity of 40000 tons per year was authorized. As a consequence of the Japanese occupation of Malaya in 1942 which cut off supplies of natural rubber, the... [Pg.75]

The Identification of Non-Hazardous Secondary Materials That Are Solid Waste rule published by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 2012 determines whether non-hazardous secondary materials are considered fuels or wastes when burnt. Combustion units that burn non-hazardous secondary materials that are classified as fuels are regulated as boilers under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act, while units that burn materials that are classified as wastes are regulated as incinerators under Section 129 of the Clean Air Act. In the rule, the EPA identified two secondary materials (resinated wood and scrap tyres managed under the oversight of the established tyre collection programmes) as non-wastes when used as fuel, and also identified off-specification tyres managed under the contractual relationship as non-waste fuels. However, scrap tyres that are discarded in stockpiles, landfills or monofills will be considered wastes unless these tyres are processed as specified in the rule. [Pg.259]


See other pages where Stockpiled tyres is mentioned: [Pg.478]    [Pg.478]    [Pg.475]    [Pg.475]    [Pg.93]    [Pg.715]   


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