Stober

Nutter, D. E., F. C. Silvey, and B. R Stober, Random Packing Performance in Light Ends Distillation," Inst, of Chem. Engrs. (England), publication date not given. 

Daniel FB, DeAngelo AB, Stober JA, et al. 1992. Hepatocarcinogenicity of chloral hydrate, 2-chloroacetaldehyde, and dichloroacetic acid in the male B6C3F, mouse. Fundam Appl Toxicol 19 159-... 

Interestingly, it was found that gold particles were not produced with monodisperse amorphous Si02 particles prepared by the method of Stober et al. [26]. Flence, silica... 

At large length scales restructuring is manifested as ripening (24). In order to minimize interfacial area, small and/or weakly polymerized species depolymerize and preferentially condense with larger, more highly polymerized species. A dramatic example of this phenomenon occurs in the Stober process (21) for preparing... 

Further species of this kind have been obtained recently AI22CI20 12THF Klemp, C. Brans, M. Gauss, J. Haussermann, U. StoBer, G. van Wullen, L. Jansen, M. Schnockel, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc., accepted for publication. 

Figure 5.9 Synthesis of gold nanoparticles within Zr02. A gold colloid is first prepared then coated with silica using a modified Stober process [75]. The silica is removed using NaOH. Reproduced with permission from [74],...

Stober, W Fink, A. and Bohn, E. (1968) Controlled growth of monodispersed silica spheres in the micron size range. Journal of... 

Thomas R. G. (1972). An interspecies model for retention of inhaled particles, page 405 in Assessment of Airborne Particles, Mercer, T. T., Morrow, P. E. and Stober, W., Eds. (Charles C Thomas, Springfield, Illionis). 

The use of silica particles in bioapplications began with the publication by Stober et al. in 1968 on the preparation of monodisperse nanoparticles and microparticles from a silica alkoxide monomer (e.g., tetraethyl orthosilicate or TEOS). Subsequently, in the 1970s, silane modification techniques provided silica surface treatments that eliminated the nonspecific binding potential of raw silica for biomolecules (Regnier and Noel, 1976). Derivatization of silica with hydrophilic, hydroxylic silane compounds thoroughly passivated the surface and made possible the use of both porous and nonporous silica particles in all areas of bioapplications (Schiel et al., 2006). 

Fluorescent silica nanoparticles, called FloDots, were created by Yao et al. (2006) by two synthetic routes. Hydrophilic particles were produced using a reverse micro-emulsion process, wherein detergent micelles formed in a water-in-oil system form discrete nanodroplets in which the silica particles are formed. The addition of water-soluble fluorescent dyes resulted in the entrapment of dye molecules in the silica nanoparticle. In an alternative method, dye molecules were entrapped in silica using the Stober process, which typically results in hydrophobic particles. Either process resulted in luminescent particles that then can be surface modified with... 

Ow et al. (2005) developed an improved method of incorporating fluorescent molecules into silica particles using a modified Stober synthesis, which resulted in both enhanced fluorescence and photostability of the encapsulated dyes. In this two-stage procedure, reactive organic dyes... 

The method used here was essentially that described by Stober et al. (4) which involves the room-temperature hydrolysis of tetra-ethylsilicate in ethanol containing varying amounts of ammonia and water, the latter two components control the final particle morphology and size. The method has been modified slightly by Bridger (2,5) and by van Helden and Vrij (3). 

The pyrogenic flame hydrolyzed silica Aerosil 200, a commercial product from Degussa, was used as a dispersion in doubly distilled water (1). The precipitated silica was prepared by hydrolysis of orthosilicic acid tetraethylester in ammoniacal solution according to the method of Stober, Fink and Bohn (11). The prepared suspension was purified by repeated centrifugation, separation from solvent and redispersion of the sediment in fresh water. Finally, the water was evaporated and the wet silica dried at 150°C for about half an hour. 

Ishinishi, N. Koizumi, A. McClellan, R. 0. Stober, W. Carcinogenic and Mutagenic Effects of Diesel Engine Exhaust Elsevier Science Publishers, 1986. 

Stober A process for making metal oxides in the form of small spheres of uniform diameter by the controlled hydrolysis of metal alkoxides. First used in 1968 to make silica spheres from alkyl silicates. The products can be used to make high quality oxide ceramics. See also Sol-Gel. 

Synthesis of Characteristic Lipopeptides of the Human N-Ras Protein and Their Evaluation as Possible Inhibitors of Protein Farnesyl Transferase, P. Stober, M. Schelhaas, E. Nagele, P. Hagenbuch, J. R etey, H. Waldmann, Bioorg. Med. Chem 1997, 5,75-83. 

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