Stimulus-response psychology

This section deals with the psychological principles of learning. A number of authors have classified learning processes into a hierarchy of levels, building from the simplest stimulus response learning to the most complex processes of research and problem solving. Three levels of learning are particularly relevant ... 

The stimulus presentation method should be well adapted to avoid response variability as a result of response bias and other psychological factors. 

The ideal animal model for any human chnical condition must fulfill three criteria (McKinney and Bunney 1969) (1) pharmacological treatments known to be effective in patients should induce comparable effects in the animal model (predictive validity) (2) the responses or symptoms observed in patients should be the same in the animal model (face validity) (3) the imderlying rationale should be the same in both humans and animal models (construct validity). In other words, the ideal animal model for anxiety has to respond to treatment with anxiolytics such as benzodiazepines with reduced anxiety it has to display defense behavior when confronted with a threatening stimulus the mechanisms underlying anxiety as well as the psychological causes must be identical. 

Reaction time In psychology, the time interval between the application of a stimulus and the detection of a response. In a simple reaction time test, a subject is asked to press a button as soon as a light flashes. 

Color only exists in the brain of the viewer, it is a psychological response to a physical stimulus (i.e., it cannot be measured with an instrument). 

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