Steam turbines turbine cycles

Simple Cycle Regenerative Steam Turbine Combined Cycle Advanced Gas Hybrid Power Plant... 

CONDENSATE TO I STEAM FROM TURBINE CYCLE TURBINE CYCLE... 

Tsujikawa, Y., and Sawada, T., "Analysis of a Gas Turbine and Steam Turbine Combined Cycle with Liquefied Hydrogen as Fuel," Int. J. Hydorgen Energy, 7, 499 (1982). 

In addition to the pyrolysis and gasification cases, a conventional Rankine cycle case was analyzed for comparison. In this case the same amount of bagasse was combusted in a modem boiler with a steam turbine power cycle. The overall efficiency for this case is 25 percent. 

Q)mbined cycle Steam turbine Combined cycle Steam turbine (gas-steam (boiler) (gas-steam (boiler)... 

To demontrate the electricity/ heat co-generation and gas/steam turbine combined cycle... 

Wang Dazhong, Zhang Zuoyi, Study of the gas turbine/steam turbine combined cycle on a modular high temperature gas cooled reactor. Journal of Tsinghua University, vol 33, No.S3, 1993, pl-8... 

Figure 7.3 Diagram of a possible SOFC and steam turbine combined cycle. The lignres indicate likely approximate temperatnres of the finids, in Celsius, at the different stages of the process.

Thermodynamic cycle Indirect steam turbine Rankine cycle Indirect steam turbine cycle... 

Concentrated solar thermal power plants with heliostats, solar receiver (heat exchanger) on a tower, and molten salt heat storage system (for details, see Fig. 1.10). Molten salt maximum temperature is 565°C. Rankine steam turbine power cycle used. Up to 20... 

Natural gas is considered as a clean fossil fuel compared to coal and oil, but still, due to the combustion process, emits a lot of carbon dioxide when it used for electrical generation. The most efficient modem thermal power plants with thermal efficiencies within a range of 50—60% (up to 62%) are, so-called combined cycle power plants (combination of Brayton gas turbine and Rankine steam turbine power cycles) (see Figs. Al.l—A1.4, and Tables Al.l and A1.2), which use mainly natural gas as a fuel. 

Fig. 24 Simplified process flow diagram for integrated gasification fuel cell (IGFC) Carbonate fuel cell operation on coal gas can be combined with a steam turbine bottoming cycle.

The process requires (Qup + Qlp) to satisfy its enthalpy imbalance above the pinch. If there were no losses from the boiler, then fuel W would be converted to shaftwork W at 100 percent efficiency. However, the boiler losses Qloss reduce this to below 100 percent conversion. In practice, in addition to the boiler losses, there also can be significant losses from the steam distribution system. Figure 6.336 shows how the grand composite curve can be used to size steam turbine cycles. ... 

Eig. 8. Cost of electricity (COE) comparison where represents capital charges, Hoperation and maintenance charges, and D fuel charges for the reference cycles. A, steam, light water reactor (LWR), uranium B, steam, conventional furnace, scmbber coal C, gas turbine combined cycle, semiclean hquid D, gas turbine, semiclean Hquid, and advanced cycles E, steam atmospheric fluidized bed, coal E, gas turbine (water-cooled) combined low heating value (LHV) gas G, open cycle MHD coal H, steam, pressurized fluidized bed, coal I, closed cycle helium gas turbine, atmospheric fluidized bed (AEB), coal J, metal vapor topping cycle, pressurized fluidized bed (PEB), coal K, gas turbine (water-cooled) combined, semiclean Hquid L, gas turbine... 

Fossil Fuel-Fired Plants. In modem, fossil fuel-fired power plants, the Rankine cycle typically operates as a closed loop. In describing the steam—water cycle of a modem Rankine cycle plant, it is easiest to start with the condensate system (see Fig. 1). Condensate is the water that remains after the steam employed by the plant s steam turbines exhausts into the plant s condenser, where it is collected for reuse in the cycle. Many modem power plants employ a series of heat exchangers to boost efficiency. As a first step, the condensate is heated in a series of heat exchangers, usually sheU-and-tube heat exchangers, by steam extracted from strategic locations on the plant s steam turbines (see HeaT-EXCHANGETECHNOLOGy). 

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