Stealing share

Should we grow the market, steal share from competitors, or create new markets for the compound ... 

Stealing share Customers substitute the firm s product for a competitor s product. When Toyota offers a Camry promotion, buyers who might have purchased a Honda Accord may now purchase a Camry. Thus, the promotion increases Toyota s sales while keeping the overall... 

Robain is I I and has recently moved to live in this country with his parents and younger brother. His English is steadily improving but he still has a noticeable accent and sometimes has difficulty making himself understood. He had a lot of friends in his former country and wants to make friends here. He tries to join in with a group of other boys but they make fun of the way he speaks. He persists and eventually the leader of this group tells him that he can join them if he pays a forfeit first. He tells Robain that he must steal a big bottle of cider from the local shop for them all to share. 

FDA regulatory efforts attempt to ensure that the content of DTCA is informative and understandable to consumers. Thus, of particular interest is whether the empirical evidence supports market size-enhancing impacts of DTCA spending and/or market share rivalrous or business stealing impacts. To date, the empirical evidence is reasonably consistent When DTCA spending has any impact, the primary impact is via increasing market size, rather than affecting individual market shares. 

Finally, the consistency across various studies in the finding of spillovers of DTCA to other brands with little or no impact on own-brand is striking. As advertisers learn from their mistakes and become more sophisticated, the results for own-brand DTCA may change. Controversies on whether DTCA and, for that matter, other forms of advertising are informative and market-expanding versus persuasive and market share stealing are likely to continue for some time. 

As we noted previously, ions form because atoms tend to gain or lose electrons until they have a filled valence shell. For historical reasons, a filled shell is called an octet, despite the fact that not all filled shells consist of eight electrons. We speak of ions being formed when atoms gain or lose electrons to fill their octets, but there are ways atoms can fill their octet that do not involve abandoning or stealing electrons. Octets can be completed by sharing electrons, too. 

Note that chlorine steals electrons from bromide ions to become chloride ions. When the bromide ions lose their extra electrons, the two bromine atoms form a covalent bond with each other to produce Br2 molecules. The result of this reaction, the characteristic color of elemental bromine in solution, is shown in Figure 20-2. The formation of the covalent bond by sharing of electrons also is an oxidation-reduction reaction. 

Finally, we must discuss the fact that many compounds contain both ionic and covalent bonds. This occurs when compounds contain special ions called polyatomic ions. Polyatomic ions are simply ions that are made up of more than one atom. How do such ions form Think back to the example of oxygen, with six valence electrons. If an atom of oxygen steals two additional electrons to complete its valence shell, it becomes the oxide (O2 ) ion. If it shares two pairs of electrons with two hydrogen atoms, it becomes part of a neutral molecule of water (HzO). However, if it steals one electron and shares one pair with an atom of hydrogen, you get a molecular compound, which is also an ion, the polyatomic ion called hydroxide (OH ). A polyatomic ion can then attach to another ion with an opposite charge, forming an ionic compound such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), which contains both ionic and covalent bonds. 

The processes of photosynthesis and mitochondrial respiration share several common features and it is via one of these, the production of high-energy electrons, that paraquat and diquat act. As previously noted, paraquat is capable of undergoing single electron reductions and was originally used as a redox indicator dye. This property is shared by diquat and the molecules are able to steal electrons, from suitable donor molecules such as NADPH... 

Stealing market share Competitor s customers may switch and become new customers. 

The importance of a collaborative S OP process is further supported by the fact that the optimal action is different if most of the demand increase comes from market growth or stealing market share rather than from forward buying. We now illustrate the scenario in which a discount leads to a large increase in consumption. 

To answer these questions we notice that, as discussed in Section 7.4.1, oxygen in the hydroxyl group has the tendency to steal the electron from the hydrogen atom rather than share it, along with one of its own, with the latter. 

---