State short-circuit current density

Koyama has examined the sensitization behavior of a series of pheophorbide sensitizers (112-117) with similar structure. The results indicate that the short-circuit current density as well as the overall solar energy-to-electricity conversion efficiency increased with the increasing Qy absorption and with the decreasing one electron-oxidation potential. Two empirical models are built based on the experimental results. One model suggests a parallel electron injection from both excited and ground states to the conduction band of Ti02 whereas the other one supports an electron injection via the excited state only, in which both the Qy absorption and the Qy-state one electron-oxidation potential can contribute [110]. 

An electrospun membrane was prepared from a 16 wt% solution of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) in a mixture of acetone/AA -dimethylacetamide (7 3 wt%) at an applied voltage of 12 kV [90]. The electrospun membrane was then activated by immersing it in 0.6 M l-hexyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium iodide, 0.1 M Lil, 0.05 M I2, and 0.5 M 4-tert-butylpyridine in ethylene carbonate/propylene carbonate (1 1 wt%) to obtain the corresponding membrane electrolyte with an ionic conductivity of 10 S cm at 25 °C. On the basis of this electrospun membrane electrolyte, quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells were fabricated, which showed an open-circuit voltage of 0.76 V, a All factor of 0.62, and a short-circuit current density of 15.57 mA cm at an incident... 

Many authors have reported different approaches for incorporation of different metallic NPs in organic solar cells (OSCs) i.e. in the photoactive layer, in the hole transport layer (HTL), at the HTL/photoactive layer interface and at the ITO/HTL interface. Fig. 6 shows the schematic design describing these different approaches. We have reviewed the detail literature of photovoltaic performance parameters of bulk heterojunction organic/polymer solar cell. Table 1, 2, 3, 4 summarizes the state of the art reports i.e., open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current density (jsc), fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (ti) of plasmonic enhanced OSC devices with NPs embedded between interfacing layers, NPs in the hole conducting layers, combination of different NPs and NPs in the photoactive layer, respectively. 

The current density pattern on the surface of an electrode depends on the electrode shape and position [9, 11, 12, 14, 17], It affects the corrosion behavior of the electrodes considerably. If electrode polarization is ignored, it was shown in [12] that on a disk electrode, with the surface in the same level as the surface of the surrounding insulator, the current density increases from the center of the disk while approaching the edge, with theoretically an infinite value at the edge. This assumption (no electrode polarization) can be made if the potential on the electrolyte side of the double layer is equal to that of the electrode. The current density under this condition is called primary current distribution. This state prevails at high frequency when the double layer capacitance behaves as a short circuit [14]. 

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