Products from starch

Although potato starch manufacturing is a mature technology, new developments will occur. The market is increasingly demanding a more defined starch quality. Starch production will move from a bulk production industry to a more commodity-oriented industry. This will result in different starch products from the potato process. For example, the Brabender or RVA viscosity or particle size distribution will have narrow specifications. 

The quantity of barley starch produced around the world is very little when compared to starch production from corn, wheat, rice, potato or tapioca. There are only a few processing plants around the world that produce starch concentrate or purified starch from barley. Barley starch concentrates containing up to —78% (dry basis) starch are now produced in North America by milling and air-classification of barley grains. Milling disintegrates the grain into fine particles and air-classification separates them on the basis of differences in density, mass and projected area in the direction of air... 

The botanical source of the primary starch products, from which also refinery products are derived, has been roughly as follows corn starch 4.0 Mio tons, wheat starch 2.9 Mio tons, potato starch 1.8 Mio tons. ... 

Starch crop biorefineries During starch production, several residues emerge. Generally, the proteins need to be separated from the starch. These are often used for animal nutrition. In potato starch produaion, additionally, wash water is produced, and in starch production from corn and cereals fibers remain. 

Publications pertaining to applications of hemicellulose, such as the xylans, have recently started to appear in the open literature. After starch production from com, the com hulls can be used to produce a highly branched heteroxylan, which has applications as a new food gum (Hromadkova and Ebringerova, 1995 Saulnier et al, 1998). The possibility of using xylan (in levels of 0-40% wt/wt)... 

Specifically prepared low DE starch products in the maltodextrin class, especially those from tapioca and potato starches, mimic a fatty mouthfeel and are used as fat replacers and/or sparers (see Eat replacers). 

In another case, a manufacturer of animal feedstuffs bought a starch additive from a Dutch company for incorporation in a milk substitute for calves. The Dutch company was out of stock, so it asked its UK affiliate company to supply the additive the Dutch company quoted the product number. Unfortunately, the UK affiliate used this number to describe a different additive, which was highly toxic. As a result, 68,000 calves were affected, and 4,600 died. Chemicals (and equipment) should be ordered by name and not just by a catalog number [6]. 

One example of a naturally occurring diazirine, duazomycin A (137 Scheme 11.20), has been reported, isolated in 1985 from a Streptomyces species during a screen for herbicidal compounds [196], It was fotind to inhibit de novo starch synthesis and it was suggested that this is due to direct inhibition of protein synthesis. Duazomycin A is structurally related to 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (138), also reported as a natural product from Streptomyces [197], which acts as a glutamine antagonist and inhibits purine biosynthesis [198],... 

Products Formed from Potato Starch, from Waxy Maize Starch and from Corn Amylose by Purified Maltose-free Pancreatic Amylase... 

Source Adapted from R.L. Learney and H.W. Maurer, Starch and Starch Products in Paper Coating , Tappi Press, 1990, pp. 2 and 4). 

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