Starch nitrogen-based compounds

The use of nitrogen fertilization results in higher content of N-containing compounds, including free amino acids, and also increases in terpene content in wood plants, whilst starch, total carbohydrates, phenylpropanoids and total carbon-based phytochemicals decreased (Koricheva et al., 1998). Higher levels of nitrogen favoured its uptake and increased the nitrate content of the crop, which is critical for salad vegetables and baby foods. 

Tepal et al (1994) extruded jack bean powder to remove several undesirable compounds screw speed had no effect. Extrusion significantly decreased hemagglutinins and urease activity, but not canavanine levels. Since nitrogen solubility was also reduced by extrusion, this index could be used as a marker for protein-based unwanted materials. Other workers have reported that all antinutrients could not be destroyed simultaneously or to the same extent. Gujska and Khan (1991) found that nearly all hemagglutinin activity was eradicated in navy, pinto and garbanzo bean high starch fraction, but trypsin inhibitors were reduced only 70-85% under the extrusion conditions used. 

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